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A transition element is a d-block element which forms one or more stable ions with incompletely filled d-orbitals.

Zn only forms one stable ion, which is Zn2+.

If we look at the electronic configuration of Zn and the Zn2+ ion:

Note that [Ar] is 1s2 2s22p6 3s23p6

Zn : [Ar] 4s2 3d10

Zn2+ : [Ar] 3d10

The Zn2+ ion has a completely filled d-orbital, so therefore Zn cannot be defined as a transition element, as its only stable ion does not have an incompletely filled d-orbital.

Zn, as a result of not having a stable ion which has an incompletely filled d-orbital, does not have coloured compounds : they tend to be white, and does not form complexes with ligands or display any of the other characteristics that we associate with transition elements.

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