Technically everyone is both. The first 5 minutes or so are considered anaerobic and then after that the body switches to aerobic metabolism for the remainder of the race.
A sprinter would be using aerobic respiration. Running requires large quantities of oxygen, and is used up quickly to produce energy.EDIT: Actually, a sprinter would be more likely to use anaerobic respiration, if compared to someone else, such as a marathon runner.A marathon runner would rely on aerobic respiration and efficient use of the oxygen they breathe, whereas a sprinter would use up all that energy very fast, which would then lead to a lack of oxygen, which finally results in the usage of anaerobic respiration to attempt to fulfill the large amount of energy required to go so fast.
Anaerobic respiration likely evolved before aerobic respiration. Anaerobic pathways are considered more ancient and can be traced back to early prokaryotic organisms. Aerobic respiration evolved later as a more efficient process that became advantageous with the presence of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere.
The production of lactic acid or ethanol as byproducts would indicate that the respiration reactions are anaerobic. These byproducts are produced when there is a lack of oxygen available to complete the aerobic respiration process. Additionally, anaerobic respiration typically produces less energy compared to aerobic respiration.
Running a marathon is an event where your body would mainly use its aerobic energy. Aerobic metabolism produces energy in the presence of oxygen, allowing for sustained and long-duration activities like endurance running. Your body relies on aerobic energy to provide a steady supply of energy for the duration of the marathon.
The first organisms on Earth were likely anaerobic, as oxygen levels were low in the early atmosphere. Anaerobic organisms do not require oxygen for metabolism, which would have been advantageous in this environment.
aerobic respiration
A sprinter would be using aerobic respiration. Running requires large quantities of oxygen, and is used up quickly to produce energy.EDIT: Actually, a sprinter would be more likely to use anaerobic respiration, if compared to someone else, such as a marathon runner.A marathon runner would rely on aerobic respiration and efficient use of the oxygen they breathe, whereas a sprinter would use up all that energy very fast, which would then lead to a lack of oxygen, which finally results in the usage of anaerobic respiration to attempt to fulfill the large amount of energy required to go so fast.
Asthma prevents proper breathing and marathon runner would be affected by the lack of oxygen to their muscles, which may make them fatigue faster.
Anaerobic respiration likely evolved before aerobic respiration. Anaerobic pathways are considered more ancient and can be traced back to early prokaryotic organisms. Aerobic respiration evolved later as a more efficient process that became advantageous with the presence of oxygen in Earth's atmosphere.
In the bottom where there is no oxygen. Growth on or near the surface is aerobic.
This would be known as aerobic because of the fact that you are exercising for a prolong period of time, other then anaerobic which consists of short burst of exercise.
Aerobic and anaerobic typically refer to microorganisms. Obligate anaerobes die in the presence of oxygen, and obligate aerobes die without it. Most plants occur in an oxygen-rich, terrestrial environment, and would thus be considered aerobic. Even totally aquatic plants, as those found in oceans, are exposed to some quantities of oxygen, thus it seems logical to surmise that if the terms aerobic and anaerobic are to be applied to macroscopic life such as plants, plants would be considered aerobic.
why the exchange of fat-containing foods with fat-substitute-containing foods would not be ideal for a marathon runner
That depends on your definition of fit and the athletes at question. For example, if the 400m runner is Jeremy Warner and the half marathoner is an overweight man that only trains 3 days a week, the 400m runner would be much fitter. In general a half marathoner will be much fitter than a 400m runner in aerobic fitness but slightly weaker in anaerobic fitness. So it depends what your definition of fit is. I am a long distance runner, so my opinion is biased, but I believe that a half marathoner is fitter than a 400m runner for many reasons. Usually long distance runners are much leaner due to the excessive amount of long distance runs they do on a weekly basis. Half marathoners also do a fair amount of speed work and weights, which ensures that their neuromuscular fitness is sufficient to allow them to take advantage of their aerobic fitness. Because of this the half marathoner would be much closer to a 400m runner in a 400 than the 400m runner would be to the half marathoner in a half marathon. When I say closer, I mean percentage wise because it would be unfair to compare them by time difference due to the distance discrepancy between the two events. The half marathon would allow for a much bigger time difference than the 400 due to the distance discrepancy. I hope this information helps you decide which athlete is the most fit!
There are many attributes that make a good marathon runner including long legs. These athletes also have to have mental toughness.
The production of lactic acid or ethanol as byproducts would indicate that the respiration reactions are anaerobic. These byproducts are produced when there is a lack of oxygen available to complete the aerobic respiration process. Additionally, anaerobic respiration typically produces less energy compared to aerobic respiration.
The marathon runner - they've trained their body to make the most of the air they breathe in order to keep running for 26 miles. Smoking reduces lung capacity - because the tar in the cigarettes accumulates at the bottom of the lungs - taking up space that would normally be filled by air !