I expect for the mantle to be cooler
Large cities=large groups of people=hotter climates
There is no reason to think that convection in the Earth's mantle is going to increase; indeed, I expect it to decrease over time. However, if it were to increase, the result would be an increasing number and severity of earthquakes, and faster continental drift.
You WOULD expect to find metamorphic rocks in the recesses (deep layers) of the Earth's crust. But not in the mantle or core. Metamorphic means changed - and rocks - either sedimentary or igneous - get changed by the heat and pressures found in the deep crust.
In a hotter and drier climate, C4 and CAM plants are likely to become more abundant compared to C3 plants. This is because C4 and CAM plants are more adapted to hot and dry conditions, as they have better water and carbon dioxide management strategies. C3 plants, on the other hand, are more suited to cooler and wetter conditions.
When a warm front passes it leaves behind hotter tempatures and more humidity, it is replacing the cold air with warm air basically.
No, it would be cooler because the sun is hotter in the South.
The Sun is the colour it is, because of it's temperature. If it was cooler it would be redder, whereas if it was hotter it would be whiter in appearance.
Stars can be both cooler and brighter or hotter and dimmer than the Sun, depending on their size and age. Generally, larger and younger stars are hotter and brighter than the Sun, while smaller and older stars can be cooler and dimmer.
In terms of absolute magnitude, a larger hotter star will necessarily be more luminous than a smaller cooler star. However, if a smaller cooler star is much closer to us than a larger hotter star, it may appear to be brighter. None of this has anything to do with the HR diagram.
I would expect Mercury to be the hottest planet, since it's the closest one to the sun. That's why it's so surprising to learn that Venus is hotter than Mercury.
Yes, a hotter object will emit more radiation than a cooler object. This is due to the relationship between temperature and the amount of thermal energy emitted as radiation - the hotter an object is, the higher the frequency and energy of the emitted radiation.
Large cities=large groups of people=hotter climates
Under gentle continuous pressure, the mantle would slowly deform and flow over long periods of time. This gradual movement of the mantle is known as mantle convection, where warmer, less dense rock rises and cooler, denser rock sinks, driving the slow movements of tectonic plates on Earth's surface.
A change in temperature of the core would probably have to be rather large to be noticeable, however it would affect plate tectonics. Lowering the temperature of the core would slow down activity and raising it would increase.
A hotter wire will typically have a higher resistance than a cooler wire. This is because as the temperature of a wire increases, the atoms inside the wire vibrate more vigorously, increasing collisions with free electrons and hindering the flow of electric current, thus increasing resistance.
Slow cooling in the upper mantle
There is no reason to think that convection in the Earth's mantle is going to increase; indeed, I expect it to decrease over time. However, if it were to increase, the result would be an increasing number and severity of earthquakes, and faster continental drift.