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DNA molecules are surrounded by water molecules when they are in solution. This is called the shell of hydration.

When the salt concentration of the solution is increased, the sale molecules replace the water molecules in the shell of hydration causing the DNA to come out of solution. This 'coming out' of the DNA from a soluble form is called DNA precipitation.

Precipitated DNA generally is surrounded by a lot of salt and has to therefore be placed in a low salt buffer in order to make sure it remains pure and integral (in an unbroken state)

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