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Definition

A buccal smear (pronounced "buckle") is the painless removal of a sample of cells from the lining of the mouth (inside of the cheek) for study.

Alternative Names

Sex chromatin test

How the test is performed

The health care provider will gently scrape the inside of the cheek with a small spatula to collect cells for testing.

How to prepare for the test

Rinse and wash the mouth as instructed.

How the test will feel

You will feel a scraping sensation as cells are removed from the cheek.

Why the test is performed

The procedure is used to obtain cells for chromosome and DNA analysis,most often for genetic testing. The International Olympic Committee adopted the test many years ago to help detect male imposters among female athletes. When the test is used in this way, it's called the sex chromatin test. This method may also help establish the sexual identity of newborns.

What the risks are

There are no risks.

Reviewed By

Review Date: 12/15/2010

Frank A. Greco, M.D., Ph.D., Director, Biophysical Laboratory, The Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc.

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What is the steps for performing a cheek cell (buccal) in the correct order?

To perform a cheek cell (buccal) smear, start by rinsing your mouth with water and spitting it out to remove debris. Next, use a sterile swab to gently scrape the inside of your cheek to collect epithelial cells. Then, smear the collected cells onto a glass microscope slide to create a thin layer. Finally, allow the slide to air dry, and optionally, fix and stain the sample for microscopic examination.


The area of a blood smear that is tested is called the?

The area of a blood smear that is tested is called the peripheral blood smear. It is a sample of blood that is spread thinly on a glass slide for examination under a microscope to evaluate the number, shape, and size of blood cells.


Give the reason for passing bacterial smear through the flame before staining?

Passing the bacterial smear through the flame before staining is done to heat-fix the bacteria onto the slide, making them adhere firmly and preventing them from washing off during the staining process. Heat fixing also kills the bacteria, which helps in the preservation of their cellular structures for visualization under the microscope.


What is the most common shape of bacteria seen in a typical cheek smear?

The most common shape of bacteria seen in a typical cheek smear is cocci, which are spherical or round in shape.


How long should the length of a blood smear be on a microscope slide?

The length of a blood smear on a microscope slide should be about 1-2 cm. This size allows for a sufficient area to view the blood cells and morphology under the microscope without overcrowding the slide. Additionally, it makes it easier to scan the whole smear efficiently.