A nephson is a structural and functional unit of the kidney, often referred to as a nephron. Each nephron consists of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule, which work together to filter blood, remove waste, and regulate electrolyte balance and fluid volume. Nephrons play a crucial role in urine formation, with each kidney containing approximately one million nephrons. The health and functionality of nephrons are vital for overall kidney function and homeostasis.