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This is one of the most confusing topics in the Spanish language. "Tuvo" is in the preterit, and "tenía" is in the imperfect. The confusion comes about because English really has no counterpart for the imperfect. We only have one past tense, and Spanish has two. In English, we need to use a construction to express the mood of the imperfect, as in "used to..." or "was/were + gerund." There really is no direct conjugation for it.

There are many "technical" reasons to use one or the other tense in Spanish, but for the most part, the preterit (tuvo) concerns things that begin and end at a specific time in the past i.e. a singular event, or "dot" in the past. The imperfect (tenía) concerns things that occur over time, in other words, a "line" in the past. Not necessarily continuous things, but recurring many times.

A couple of examples: Tuvo que ir a la playa. He had to go to the beach. This would be a one time shot - the person involved had to go to the beach one specific time.

Tenía que ir a la playa. Think of this as "He was having to go to the beach", or maybe "He used to have to go to the beach." The need to go to the beach was recurrent or continuous in the past.

There are many very involved discussions of this topic, and the imperfect is used in other circumstances, but this is really at the heart of it, I believe.

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15y ago

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