a company are considering the lunch a new product the Gamma Varions prior estimates the outcomes have been made as follows and expected values calculated
market state probability profit/loss expected value
Good 0.2 60,000 12,000
Average 06 40,000 24,000
Bad 0.2 40,000 8,000
in order to have more information on which to base their Decision the management are considering whether to commission a market research survey at a cost of 1000. market state Good Average Bad
Good 60% 30% -
Average 40% 50% 10%
Bad - 20% 90%
what is the differences between public company and listed company
distinguish between a proprietory company and a public company
Difference between Private Limited and Limited firm
i think Ltd is private limited company and Plc is public limited company
They are some stages of Company formation: *Promotion Stage *Incorporation or Registration Stage Promotion Stage: Promotion is the primary stage in the arrangement of an organization. The term 'Promotion' alludes to the total of exercises intended to bring into being an endeavour to work a business. It assumes the specialized preparing of a business recommendation regarding its potential gainfulness. Incorporation or Registration Stage: Incorporation or registration is the second stage in the development of an organization. The Registration brings an organization into reality. A Company is appropriately established just when it is properly enlisted under the Act and a Certificate of Incorporation has been obtained from the Registrar of Companies.
A company will get a Certificate of Commencement from the registrar of companies after getting certificate of registration as a limited company. The directors shall fill in the application and file it with the registrar with every director being required to sign.Ê
A Company Registration Certificate is essential for businesses because it legally validates the existence of the company and ensures it is recognized by government authorities. This certificate provides official proof that the business is registered and compliant with local laws, which is crucial for operating legally. It allows businesses to open bank accounts, sign contracts, hire employees, and obtain licenses or permits. Without this certificate, a company may face legal penalties, including fines or closure. Additionally, it helps establish credibility with customers, suppliers, and investors, as a registered company is seen as more trustworthy. The registration certificate also defines the structure of the business, whether it’s a sole proprietorship, partnership, or corporation, which influences tax liabilities and legal responsibilities. In summary, a Company Registration Certificate is key to ensuring a business operates smoothly, legally, and with legitimacy in the market.
ROC is the registration certificate of the Company / LLP which is issued and digitally signed by the ROC. It mentions unique the CIN (Company Identification Number)
A company certificate is the registration of the business. It's generally known to like a "DBA" or "Doing Business As" certificate. Its purpose is mainly for consumer protection and public information. Basically, it produces an open record from the title and address of who owns a company.
Eligibility Criteria for the Registration Following is the eligibility criteria for Startup India Registration or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition: 1: The Startup India Registration Certificate or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition is provided for the company which is registered as an LLP, Private Limited Company, or a registered Partnership Firm. 2: To get the Registration Certificate, the firm should have an annual turnover of less than Rs. 100 crores for any of the previous Financial Year. 3: The entity or company should be working towards improvement/development of a product, service, or process. 4: The entity or company should have a scalable business model with high potential for the creation of wealth & employment. The company or firm should have the capability to generate employment or create wealth. 5: The period of Company’s operations or existence shouldn’t exceed 10 years from the date of formation. 6: To get Startup India Registration Certificate or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition, the company shouldn’t have been registered by splitting up/recreating an already existing entity. 7: Applicants shouldn’t have defaulted with any financial institution in the past.
Following is the eligibility criteria for Startup India Registration or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition: 1: The Startup India Registration Certificate or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition is provided for the company which is registered as an LLP, Private Limited Company, or a registered Partnership Firm. 2: To get the Registration Certificate, the firm should have an annual turnover of less than Rs. 100 crores for any of the previous Financial Year. 3: The entity or company should be working towards improvement/development of a product, service, or process. 4: The entity or company should have a scalable business model with high potential for the creation of wealth & employment. The company or firm should have the capability to generate employment or create wealth. 5: The period of Company’s operations or existence shouldn’t exceed 10 years from the date of formation. 6: To get Startup India Registration Certificate or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition, the company shouldn’t have been registered by splitting up/recreating an already existing entity. 7: Applicants shouldn’t have defaulted with any financial institution in the past.
Following is the eligibility criteria for Startup India Registration or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition: 1: The Startup India Registration Certificate or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition is provided for the company which is registered as an LLP, Private Limited Company, or a registered Partnership Firm. 2: To get the Registration Certificate, the firm should have an annual turnover of less than Rs. 100 crores for any of the previous Financial Year. 3: The entity or company should be working towards improvement/development of a product, service, or process. 4: The entity or company should have a scalable business model with high potential for the creation of wealth & employment. The company or firm should have the capability to generate employment or create wealth. 5: The period of Company’s operations or existence shouldn’t exceed 10 years from the date of formation. 6: To get Startup India Registration Certificate or DPIIT Certificate of Recognition, the company shouldn’t have been registered by splitting up/recreating an already existing entity. 7: Applicants shouldn’t have defaulted with any financial institution in the past.
The following are the crucial documents required for Trademark Registration Online in India: For Individual: Any one of the following documents is required for individuals: Copy of Aadhar CardCopy of Aadhar Card; PAN Card for trademarkPAN Card; Driving License (Permanent)Driving License (Permanent) For StartupFor Startup: For Startup, one is required to provide the Certificate of Recognition issued by the DPIIT. For Sole ProprietorshipFor Sole Proprietorship: GST Registration Certificate is required for Registration. For Partnership Firm or LLP: If the Registration of Trademark is done by a Partnership Firm then they must provide the following documents: Partnership DeedPartnership Deed (if any); Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (it’s optional); GST CertificateGST Certificate. If the Registration of Trademark is done by an LLP then they must provide the following documents: LLP Incorporation CertificateLLP Incorporation Certificate; LLP DeedLLP Deed; GST CertificateGST Certificate; Udyam Aadhar Registration CertificateUdyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (optional). For MSMEFor MSME: If the Registration is done by MSME then they should provide Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate issued by MSME. For Private Limited CompanyFor Private Limited Company: If the application for Trademark Registration is filed by a Private Limited Company, then they should provide the following documents along with the application: Incorporation CertificateIncorporation Certificate; Udyam Aadhar Registration CertificateUdyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (optional). For HUF (Hindu Undivided Family): PAN Card of HUFPAN Card of HUF; Deed of the Constitution of HUFDeed of the Constitution of HUF. For a Trust: Trust DeedTrust Deed; Registration CertificateRegistration Certificate; PAN Card in the Trust NamePAN Card in the Trust Name. For a Society: If a Society is pursuing the Trademark Registration Process then it shall submit the Registration Certificate which is issued by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies If a Society is pursuing the Trademark Registration Process then it shall submit the Registration Certificate which is issued by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies. Following are some common documents required for Trademark Registration Online in India: User affidavitUser affidavit; Graphical Representation of TrademarkGraphical Representation of Trademark; Power of Authorization of an AgentPower of Authorization of an Agent.
The following are the crucial documents required for Trademark Registration Online in India: For Individual: Any one of the following documents is required for individuals: Copy of Aadhar CardCopy of Aadhar Card; PAN Card for trademarkPAN Card; Driving License (Permanent)Driving License (Permanent) For StartupFor Startup: For Startup, one is required to provide the Certificate of Recognition issued by the DPIIT. For Sole ProprietorshipFor Sole Proprietorship: GST Registration Certificate is required for Registration. For Partnership Firm or LLPFor Partnership Firm or LLP: If the Registration of Trademark is done by a Partnership Firm then they must provide the following documents: Partnership DeedPartnership Deed (if any); Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (it’s optional); GST CertificateGST Certificate. If the Registration of Trademark is done by an LLP then they must provide the following documents: LLP Incorporation CertificateLLP Incorporation Certificate; LLP DeedLLP Deed; GST CertificateGST Certificate; Udyam Aadhar Registration CertificateUdyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (optional). For MSMEFor MSME: If the Registration is done by MSME then they should provide Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate issued by MSME. For Private Limited CompanyFor Private Limited Company: If the application for Trademark Registration is filed by a Private Limited Company, then they should provide the following documents along with the application: Incorporation CertificateIncorporation Certificate; Udyam Aadhar Registration CertificateUdyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (optional). For HUF (Hindu Undivided Family): PAN Card of HUFPAN Card of HUF; Deed of the Constitution of HUFDeed of the Constitution of HUF. For a Trust: Trust DeedTrust Deed; Registration CertificateRegistration Certificate; PAN Card in the Trust NamePAN Card in the Trust Name. For a Society: If a Society is pursuing the Trademark Registration Process then it shall submit the Registration Certificate which is issued by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies If a Society is pursuing the Trademark Registration Process then it shall submit the Registration Certificate which is issued by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies. Following are some common documents required for Trademark Registration Online in India: User affidavitUser affidavit; Graphical Representation of TrademarkGraphical Representation of Trademark; Power of Authorization of an AgentPower of Authorization of an Agent.
Following are the crucial documents required for Trademark Registration Online in India: For Individual: Any one of the following documents are required for individuals: Copy of Aadhar CardCopy of Aadhar Card; PAN Card for trademarkPAN Card; Driving License (Permanent)Driving License (Permanent) For StartupFor Startup: For Startup, one is required to provide the Certificate of Recognition issued by the DPIIT. For Sole ProprietorshipFor Sole Proprietorship: GST Registration Certificate is required for Registration. For Partnership Firm or LLPFor Partnership Firm or LLP: If the Registration of Trademark is done by a Partnership Firm then they must provide the following documents: Partnership DeedPartnership Deed (if any); Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (it’s optional); GST CertificateGST Certificate. If the Registration of Trademark is done by an LLP then they must provide the following documents: LLP Incorporation CertificateLLP Incorporation Certificate; LLP DeedLLP Deed; GST CertificateGST Certificate; Udyam Aadhar Registration CertificateUdyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (optional). For MSMEFor MSME: If the Registration is done by MSME then they should provide Udyam Aadhar Registration Certificate issued by MSME. For Private Limited CompanyFor Private Limited Company: If the application for Trademark Registration is filed by a Private Limited Company, then they should provide the following documents along with the application: Incorporation CertificateIncorporation Certificate; Udyam Aadhar Registration CertificateUdyam Aadhar Registration Certificate (optional). For HUF (Hindu Undivided Family): PAN Card of HUFPAN Card of HUF; Deed of the Constitution of HUFDeed of the Constitution of HUF. For a Trust: Trust DeedTrust Deed; Registration CertificateRegistration Certificate; PAN Card in the Trust NamePAN Card in the Trust Name. For a Society: If a Society is pursuing the Trademark Registration Process then it shall submit the Registration Certificate which is issued by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies If a Society is pursuing the Trademark Registration Process then it shall submit the Registration Certificate which is issued by the Registrar of Co-operative Societies. Following are some common documents required for Trademark Registration Online in India: User affidavitUser affidavit; Graphical Representation of TrademarkGraphical Representation of Trademark; Power of Authorization of an AgentPower of Authorization of an Agent.
difference between holding company and personal holding company and the corporation ltd.
company's