the side facing the wind
Rain shadow.
The area behind a mountain with little rain is called a rain shadow.
The side of a mountain facing away from wind is the leeward, drier side, called the rain shadow.Leeward SlopesThe sheltered side of a mountain is known as the 'lee' side, or leeward slopes.The leeward side of a mountain has very little wind and a dry climate. This is called the mountain's rain shadow. In the northern hemisphere, this is usually the eastern side of the mountain. Leeward means the side which the wind doesn't blow on. The opposite is windward, which is the side of the mountain that the wind blows against.Its the Rain Shadow.
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As a simple example: a tall mountain near the sea. The prevailing wind off the sea carries a lot of rain water. On reaching the mountain, and in order to rise over the mountain, the clouds tend to rise meeting colder air at the higher altitudes. This means that it will rain, as cold air can't contain much water vapour. So the rain mainly falls on the side of the mountain facing the sea. Once over the mountain, there is very little rain left. So, on the side of the mountain away from the sea, a rain shadow is formed and very little rain will fall in the area of the shadow.
The rain shadow occurs on the leeward side of the mountain, which is the side facing away from the prevailing winds. As the air rises and cools on the windward side, it releases most of its moisture as precipitation. By the time the air descends on the leeward side, it is drier, creating a rain shadow effect.
Lee Rain Shadow
Smoky Mountain Rain was created in 1980-09.
A rain-shadow is on the leeward side of the mountain. Most of the rain will fall on the windward side, before the clouds can rise over the mountain. This means that there is little rain left for the leeward side.
Mountains can affect the climate of nearby lands. Clouds approaching a mountain are forced to rise, and rising clouds can't hold so much water, so they drop their rain, so the windward side of a mountain range may be rainy and the leeward side may be a desert.Much of airborne moisture falls as rain on the windward side of mountains. This often means that the land on the other side of the mountain (the leeward side) gets far less rain - an effect called a "rain shadow" - which often produces a desert.The higher the mountain, the more pronounced the rain shadow effect is and the less likely rain will fall on the leeward side.(The Windward is the side of a mountain that is facing into the direction that the wind is coming from.The Leeward side is the wind protected side of a mountain.)
A basic answer is that the side facing the sea may receive most of the rain coming off the sea. The land side of the mountain may be in the mountain's rain shadow, which receives less rain, and could be drier.