Gabapentin is a medication primarily used to treat neuropathic pain and seizures. It works by modulating the activity of neurotransmitters in the brain, which helps to reduce abnormal electrical activity and alleviate pain. Gabapentin is often prescribed for conditions such as postherpetic neuralgia and epilepsy, and it may also be used off-label for anxiety or restless legs syndrome. Common side effects include dizziness, fatigue, and drowsiness.