No penalty
If it is the tee shot and this happens, there is no penalty and you can simply replace the ball, and you are still hitting your first shot. If it is a putt or pitch or an approach and you hit the ball accidentally there is a one shot penalty and the ball must be replaced. If it is not replaced and you finish out the hole you will be disqualified for not replacing the ball.
Assault of a police officer.
Yes, one stroke penalty, and you must play the ball as it lies. If it was however stopped or deflected by an opponent or their equipment, the ball must be played as it lies and there is no penalty.
Deportation.
4 points
Death, by snu-snu
Yes, this is allowed under no penalty. Even if you knock the ball off the tee accidentally with your club there is no penalty, it can simply be replaced on the tee.
That would be unsportsman like conduct, which is a 15 yard penalty.
Hitting an opposing player with the crown of your helmet. Spearing is a fifteen yard penalty.
A referee can call an unsportsmanlike penalty for many reasons: -unecessary language - fighting after whistle is blown -hitting the boards in anger -not complying with the rules -taking any penalty to the extreme
$2,500