How might a child's resolution of Erikson's third stage be impacted by a rigid authoritarian parenting model during the child's second stage?

Answer 1

A child's resolution of Erikson's third stage, which focuses on initiative versus guilt, can be negatively impacted by a rigid authoritarian parenting model experienced in the second stage of autonomy versus shame and doubt. Authoritarian parenting often stifles a child's independence and self-expression, leading to feelings of shame or doubt about their abilities. As a result, the child may struggle to initiate activities or take risks in the third stage, fearing criticism or punishment, which can foster guilt over their desires and initiatives. This lack of confidence can hinder healthy emotional and social development as the child grows.