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As an adolescent progresses through puberty, the hypothalamus (located in the brain) begins to release hormone signals to pituitary gland. The pituitary gland will then send chemical signals to the suprarenal glands (located above the kidneys, like hats). The zona reticularis (the inner layer of the suprarenal medulla) produces androgens which are sex hormones which act upon various organs and tissues in the body.

For example, in females, estrogen and progesterone will increase breast size while in males, testosterone will increase facial hair growth, increased muscle mass, deeper voice, etc.

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