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In order for deadlock to occur, four conditions must be true.

  • Mutual exclusion - Each resource is either currently allocated to exactly one process or it is available. (Two processes cannot simultaneously control the same resource or be in their critical section).
  • Hold and Wait - processes currently holding resources can request new resources
  • No preemption - Once a process holds a resource, it cannot be taken away by another process or the kernel.
  • Circular wait - Each process is waiting to obtain a resource which is held by another process.
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