Actually, Shylock was cheated out of a contract (valid, in those days) by a clever ploy from Portia. Shylock was perfectly entitled to a pound of flesh from Antonio, as Antonio defaulted in his contractual commitment. A moralistic spin placed on the supposed motives of Shylock got the better of the hapless money lender. The fact that he was let off easily by the court for his so-called motives of racial hatred and avarice should not blind the readers of a perfectly legitimate argument for a judicial review as viewed from Shylock's perspective.
Thus, the quality of mercy shown by the court certainly suffers from the stigma of being unjustly 'strained'.
What is more, not only is Shylock deprived of the money he lent to Antonio, and which he should be entitled to get back, but Portia raises this further argument: "It is enacted in the laws of Venice, if it be proved against an alien that by direct or indirect attempts he seek the life of any citizen" all of his propery becomes forfeit, half to the supposed "victim" and half to the state, and he should be sentenced to death. Here is hypocrisy indeed! If Shylock asks the court to grant that by law Antonio should be executed, no matter how right he is, he commits a crime. Portia, on the other hand, is free to threaten Shylock with execution with impunity. Not only does she threaten his death, but also threatens to take his money and thereby the only way in which he can legally make his living. As Shylock says, "you take my house when you take the prop that supports my house."
To give the Duke credit, he does not hesitate to dismiss the suggestion that Shylock should be executed, even over the protests of the merciless and rabid anti-Semite Gratiano, although he cannot help but smugly congratulate himself for it. The smidgen of mercy which the Duke has does not extend to missing the opportunity to grab half of Shylock's property.
Antonio now holds the power of life and death over Shylock, since without any money he will die of starvation. The mercy he shows is to turn half of his remaining money ( a quarter of what he started with ) over to Shylock's worthless spendthrift son-in-law Lorenzo, who has already stolen and wasted a good portion of Shylock's funds, and finally to insist that Shylock give up his religion and his identity as a Jew.
So, the "mercy" that is shown to Shylock is that he is not actually killed for having the gall to attempt to enforce his rights in the court of Venice, but instead only loses three-quarters of his property, his right to observe his own religion, and his cultural identity.
As Shylock says, "Nay, take my life and all"
You will find Portia and Shylock in the play of Hamlet.
There's a Portia in Julis Caesar (Brutus's wife) and Portia is also the name of a main character in The Merchant of Venice.
The conflict is between Antonio and Shylock but Shylock is hated by everyone in Venice because he was a Jew, so that's Bassanio, Portia and all the other people in the play
Firstly, Shylock isn't actually the merchant, Antonio is. Antonio has a fleet of trade boats out at sea, trading around the world for the better part of the play. Does this answer your question? Hope this helps.
Antonio: A Venetian merchant of considerable wealth, he makes his money from "ventures", or mercantile enterprises using his fleet of ships. Much liked by his friends, Salanio, Gratiano and Salarino, Antonio is owed money by his friend Bassanio. The title of this play is considered to be derived from this character as well as the character of Shylock.Bassanio: The romantic lead of this play. He aims to successfully court the fair Portia. Her marriage will give him the money he needs to pay off his large debts to friend Antonio and so his courtship of Portia is also an attempt to pay off his debts.Shylock: A successful Jewish moneylender who is much maligned over his religion and the practice of moneylenders such as himself of charging interest. He lends the 3000 ducats Bassanio needs to court Portia and hopefully, pay off his debts to Antonio. There is however a catch; if the debt is not repaid, Antonio as security will forfeit one pound of his flesh. It is Shylock who is responsible for the immortal lines, "If you prick us, do we not bleed? if you tickle us, do we not laugh? if you poison us, do we not die? and if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?" (Act III, Scene I, Lines 63-72).Tubul: Friend of Shylock. Dispatched by Shylock to find his daughter, he tells Shylock of the loss of Antonio's ships. This lets Shylock realize that Antonio has now forfeited his debt.Portia: The heroine of this play, Portia is a wealthy and beautiful women who is desired by many, so much so that her father has devised an ingenious test all suitors must perform to win her hand in marriage. This consists of a suitor choosing one of three chests in which her portrait lies. Far from being merely beautiful, Portia also possesses a sharp mind, one, which saves Antonio from doom at the hands of Shylock.Nerissa: As Portia's waiting-maid, she tends to Portia and also helps Portia save Antonio's life. She later marries Bassanio's friend Gratiano.Gratiano: A good friend of Bassanio, he marries Nerissa after falling in love with her at Portia's palace. Bassanio describes him as talkative, saying; "Gratiano speaks an infinite deal of nothing, more than any man in all Venice" (Act I, Scene I, Lines 114).The Prince of Morocco: This suitor is responsible for the expression "All that glitters is not gold; / Often have you heard that told:" (Act II, Scene VII, Lines 65-73). As one of Portia's suitors, he reads this upon choosing the gold casket, which is the wrong one and loses the right to marry Portia.The Prince of Arragon: This suitor also fails to win the fair Portia's hand in marriage when he incorrectly chooses the silver casket.Lorenzo: A close friend of both Bassanio and Antonio, his eloping with Shylock's daughter Jessica, results in part on Shylock's merciless insistence on his pound of flesh when Antonio forfeits Bassanio's debt.Jessica: The daughter of Shylock, her eloping with the "Christian" Lorenzo and her stealing of his property, angers Shylock greatly.Salarino and Salanio: Friends of Antonio who attempt to cheer him up in Act I, Scene I.The Duke of Venice: As judge over the court case between Shylock and Antonio, he has the power to pardon a death sentence. In the play, he is put in a difficult position by Shylock; he doesn't want Antonio to die, but to ignore Shylock's legal rights would be to place all of Venice in disrepute as a place to conduct business.Launcelot Gobbo: A clown and servant to Shylock, he later aids in the escape of Jessica from Shylock and works for Bassanio.Old Gobbo: Launcelot's father, who is blind.Balthazar and Stephano: Servants of Portia.Leonardo: Servant of Bassanio.
You will find Portia and Shylock in the play of Hamlet.
It's a bit awkward, because there are two plots in the play. In the first, Bassanio would be the protagonist in his quest for Portia's hand, but there is no antagonist. In the second, Shylock is a kind of antagonist to Antonio's protagonist, but one does not feel that Antonio is a character of that kind of significance. This may be one reason that many modern interpreters recast the play as the Tragedy of Shylock, with Shylock as a protagonist and Portia as an antagonist.
The word "mercy" appears 262 times in the KJV.
The word "mercy" appears 262 times in the KJV.
There's a Portia in Julis Caesar (Brutus's wife) and Portia is also the name of a main character in The Merchant of Venice.
The conflict is between Antonio and Shylock but Shylock is hated by everyone in Venice because he was a Jew, so that's Bassanio, Portia and all the other people in the play
The word mercy is said 54 times throughout the New Testament.
The word "mercy" is in the King James Version of the Bible 276 times. It is in 261 verses.
Firstly, Shylock isn't actually the merchant, Antonio is. Antonio has a fleet of trade boats out at sea, trading around the world for the better part of the play. Does this answer your question? Hope this helps.
Antonio: A Venetian merchant of considerable wealth, he makes his money from "ventures", or mercantile enterprises using his fleet of ships. Much liked by his friends, Salanio, Gratiano and Salarino, Antonio is owed money by his friend Bassanio. The title of this play is considered to be derived from this character as well as the character of Shylock.Bassanio: The romantic lead of this play. He aims to successfully court the fair Portia. Her marriage will give him the money he needs to pay off his large debts to friend Antonio and so his courtship of Portia is also an attempt to pay off his debts.Shylock: A successful Jewish moneylender who is much maligned over his religion and the practice of moneylenders such as himself of charging interest. He lends the 3000 ducats Bassanio needs to court Portia and hopefully, pay off his debts to Antonio. There is however a catch; if the debt is not repaid, Antonio as security will forfeit one pound of his flesh. It is Shylock who is responsible for the immortal lines, "If you prick us, do we not bleed? if you tickle us, do we not laugh? if you poison us, do we not die? and if you wrong us, shall we not revenge?" (Act III, Scene I, Lines 63-72).Tubul: Friend of Shylock. Dispatched by Shylock to find his daughter, he tells Shylock of the loss of Antonio's ships. This lets Shylock realize that Antonio has now forfeited his debt.Portia: The heroine of this play, Portia is a wealthy and beautiful women who is desired by many, so much so that her father has devised an ingenious test all suitors must perform to win her hand in marriage. This consists of a suitor choosing one of three chests in which her portrait lies. Far from being merely beautiful, Portia also possesses a sharp mind, one, which saves Antonio from doom at the hands of Shylock.Nerissa: As Portia's waiting-maid, she tends to Portia and also helps Portia save Antonio's life. She later marries Bassanio's friend Gratiano.Gratiano: A good friend of Bassanio, he marries Nerissa after falling in love with her at Portia's palace. Bassanio describes him as talkative, saying; "Gratiano speaks an infinite deal of nothing, more than any man in all Venice" (Act I, Scene I, Lines 114).The Prince of Morocco: This suitor is responsible for the expression "All that glitters is not gold; / Often have you heard that told:" (Act II, Scene VII, Lines 65-73). As one of Portia's suitors, he reads this upon choosing the gold casket, which is the wrong one and loses the right to marry Portia.The Prince of Arragon: This suitor also fails to win the fair Portia's hand in marriage when he incorrectly chooses the silver casket.Lorenzo: A close friend of both Bassanio and Antonio, his eloping with Shylock's daughter Jessica, results in part on Shylock's merciless insistence on his pound of flesh when Antonio forfeits Bassanio's debt.Jessica: The daughter of Shylock, her eloping with the "Christian" Lorenzo and her stealing of his property, angers Shylock greatly.Salarino and Salanio: Friends of Antonio who attempt to cheer him up in Act I, Scene I.The Duke of Venice: As judge over the court case between Shylock and Antonio, he has the power to pardon a death sentence. In the play, he is put in a difficult position by Shylock; he doesn't want Antonio to die, but to ignore Shylock's legal rights would be to place all of Venice in disrepute as a place to conduct business.Launcelot Gobbo: A clown and servant to Shylock, he later aids in the escape of Jessica from Shylock and works for Bassanio.Old Gobbo: Launcelot's father, who is blind.Balthazar and Stephano: Servants of Portia.Leonardo: Servant of Bassanio.
28,100 (this is an estimate)
28,100 (this is an estimate)