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There are a zillion puns in this scene, most of them dirty double entendres.

Mercutio: Sure wit, follow me this jest now till thou hast worn out thy pump, that, when the single sole of it is worn, the jest may remain, after the wearing, solely singular.

A double pun, this one. The one meaning is that the sole of the shoe, the pump they are talking about, is single, which is to say, it has only one layer of leather. But he puns the sole of the shoe with "solely" (meaning only, exclusively) and puns the word single with "singular" (meaning one of a kind, unique) and says that his joke is exclusively unique, or solely singular.

Mercutio: Thou desirest me to stop in my tale against the hair.

Well, basically he's saying on the surface that Benvolio wants him to stop when he's just getting going. "Against the hair" means against the grain (If you've ever tried to rub a dog's or a horse's hair the wrong way you'll know what this means) and implies that now he's rolling and to stop would be to go backwards against the grain. But of course "tale" is punned with "tail" which suggests a certain part of the male anatomy which might be "stopped". Just to show that this is what they really mean, Benvolio replies "Thou wouldst else have made thy tale large." . . . you get the picture.

Mercutio: A bawd! A bawd! A bawd! So ho!

Romeo: What hast thou found?

Mercutio: No hare, sir, unless, sir, a hare in a lenten pie, that is something stale and hoar ere it be spent.

This needs some explaining. Mercutio has called the Nurse a bawd, that is a prostitute, and has shouted out So ho! which was the call when hunters had spotted game. Romeo asks what he has spotted, and Mercutio says it's not a hare. He then talks about a "hare in a lenten pie". What he's talking about on the face of it is a pie made with rabbit meat for Lent. These pies were eaten very slowly and so became stale and moldy ("hoar" means "white") before it was totally eaten ("ere it be spent")

But "hare" and "stale" were both slang words for "prostitute" and "hoar" is a pun for "whore". All of these words with double meanings make his comment sound like the statement that a prostitute becomes stale and white before she is spent--with an obvious and rude reference to the Nurse, who he has just called a bawd. "Scurvy knave!" was probably too nice a thing for the Nurse to say to him!

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