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A running instance of Notepad is a process.

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Q: What is an example of process?
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What is a preemptive and non preemptive algorithm and explain with example?

Preemptive scheduler reruns scheduling decision when process becomes ready. If the new process has priority over running process, the CPU preempts the running process and executes the new process. Non-preemptive scheduler only does scheduling decision when running process voluntarily gives up CPU. In effect, it allows every running process to finish its CPU burst.


Example of round robin scheduling?

example on round robin problem in OS: let here p1,p2,p3,p4 are some process and its burst time is given as: P1=6 P2=8 P3=2 P4=4 time quantum=4 millisec PROCESSES P1 P2 P3 P4 P1 P2 CPU CYCLES 0 4 8 10 14 16 20 SO in this example, a process cannot exceed more than 4 millisec. so each process is not exceeding more than 4 millisec. as p1 starting time is 0 ms and ending time is 4 ms then another process started at this time which also complete 4 cycles then another process p3 start which need only 2 cycles to complete its execution ,so goes only 2 cycles and finish its execution at time 14 and p4 complete its execution at 14 . now dis process will again started until all the process does not complete its execution remaining in the time quantum limit.


What are the 5 major activities of an operating system with respect to process management and briefly describe why each is required?

1. process creation: to create a process. 2. process termination: to terminate the process. 3. process abort: in case of abnormal execution of process,it is used to abort the process. 4. process load: to load the process in memory. 5. process execute: to execute the process.


Three major complications that concurrent processing adds to an operating system?

1. The OS has to keep track of the main memory address space allocated to each process so that a process does not affect or harm other processes data. This is a necessay , for example, a virus may try to destroy or modify other process data. 2. Switching from one process to another process leads to time overhead, this requires storing the current register values and loading the register values of the next process from its PCB(program Control Block). 3. If a running process requires large space in memory then other processs needs to be dumped back to hard disk which again leads to time overhead. For more information mail to: akhilanger@gmail.com


What are the main components of modern operating system?

Paging is a memory management technique the scheme removes requirement of contagions allocation of physical memory. In paged system each process id divided into set of pages frames of the same size. The following figure shows an example of 3 process which have been loaded into contagious pages in the memory.