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What are the advantages and disadvantages of user level threads and kernel level threads?
User-level threads have the advantage of being lightweight and can be managed without kernel intervention, allowing for faster thread switching. However, they are limited in their ability to utilize multiple processors efficiently and can be blocked by system calls made by a single thread. Kernel-level threads, on the other hand, offer better performance on multi-core systems and can take advantage of kernel features, but they are heavier in terms of resource consumption and switching between threads can be slower due to kernel involvement.
What are the resources within the staging area?
It all depends on the purpose of the staging area. For example an Emergency Response Staging area in an office building may have first aid equipment and walkie-talkies. All resources in the staging area are available and should be ready for assignment.
Why CPU scheduling is require?
So that CPU utilise all the resources of OS
What is difference between foreground process and background process?
Foreground process has access to the terminal standard i/osBackground process typically run with little or no user interaction at all, they interact with the system.
What is major function of operating system?
The major function of an operating system is to manage all resources of a system.
What of these components are shared by a multithreaded process?
There r some resources shared by different threads o the same process while some r not. The threads shares the address space,file,global variables. But each threads has its own stack , copy of registers(including PC).
What resource are typically shared by all of the threads of a process?
There r some resources shared by different threads o the same process while some r not. The threads shares the address space,file,global variables. But each threads has its own stack , copy of registers(including PC).
What resources are typical shared by all of the threads of a process?
There r some resources shared by different threads o the same process while some r not. The threads shares the address space,file,global variables. But each threads has its own stack , copy of registers(including PC).
What is a thread and how does it relate to a process?
A process is composed of one or more threads of execution. Multiple threads allow a process to perform two or more operations concurrently. This is particularly useful in machines with two or more processors as the threads can execute simultaneously. All the threads of a process run in a shared memory space; separate processes run in separate memory spaces. A process must have at least one thread, the primary thread. However, threads can spawn new threads as required. Each thread has its own call stack but shares the same data segment and virtual address space as the process.
What resources are used when a thread is created?
When a thread is created the threads does not require any new resources to execute the thread shares the resources like memory of the process to which they belong to. The benefit of code sharing is that it allows an application to have several different threads of activity all within the same address space. Whereas if a new process creation is very heavyweight because it always requires new address space to be created and even if they share the memory then the inter process communication is expensive when compared to the communication between the threads
Difference between child process and threads in operating systems?
One difference is that, when the main program terminates, all its threads are terminated. It is not the case for processes, because they are kind independent of the parent. When the parent terminates, the process keeps going unless the parent waits for it to die.
Does fork()duplicate only the calling thread or all threads?
The fork() system call duplicates the entire process, including all threads, but only the calling thread continues executing in the child process. The child process inherits a copy of the parent process's memory space, but only the thread that invoked fork() is active in the child; other threads are not replicated. As a result, the new child process starts with a single thread, which is a duplicate of the calling thread from the parent process.
Is it possible to have a deadlock involving only a single process?
no deadlock can only occur when processes access shared memory and the following conditions must be met: -mutual exclusion -hold and wait -no preemption -circular wait. As soon as any of the 4 conditions fail,no deadlock. For example there cannot be circular wait for the case of one process.Who is waiting for who?The single process have access to all the available ressources.
What is the differences between a process and a thread in Linux?
Oh, dude, let me break it down for you. So, a process is like a whole program running on your computer, doing its thing, while a thread is like a mini version of a process, sharing resources with other threads in the same process. It's like having a full meal versus just a side dish. So, in Linux, processes are like the main course, and threads are like the appetizers.
What is an application thread deadlock?
A deadlock usually occurs when there are multiple threads running. Let us say there are 3 threads A, B and C running.A is holding resources X and is currently for the resource Y to complete the operation. B is holding resources Y and is waiting for resource Z to complete. C is holding Z and is waiting for X to complete. This is called a deadlock, All the 3 threads are waiting on some resources that are being held by other waiting threads. This causes an indefinite waiting which is termed as a Deadlock
What are the benefits of multithreaded?
A major benefit of multi-threading in computer operating systems is that the processor and other system resources are utilized to the maximum. With single-threading, system resources may remain for periods of time.
Explain about threads in computer networks?
A thread is the sequence of instructions followed by a CPU, and is an independently dispachable unit in the run queue. A process can start and manage multiple threads, each managing an aspect of the overall processing. The operating system can schedule the threads independently, allowing them CPU time if they are ready, or blocking them if they are waiting on something, such as an IO completion. In a network process, such as a web server, there can be many things going on at the same concurrent time. Threads are an ideal solution to the problem of managing all of these things, because the main process does not need to poll each sub-process (thread) to see if it needs or is ready to do work.
