The theaters were not kept too far from the city, but did catch fire often because they were wooden and used a tallow candles to light the stage. Fires often happened in theaters for one reason or another so it was better to have space between them and another building. Once a fire starts in a city it grows very quickly and will burn everything very fast.
There is no such thing as a "Shakespeare Theatre". Shakespeare performed in theatres, and even invested some money in a couple, but he was not associated with the construction or design or ownership of theatres in his day, or even nowadays. In Shakespeare's day, the theatres in and around London were built either north of the city limits (The Theatre, The Curtain, The Fortune) or south of the river in Southwark (The Rose, The Globe, The Swan) because the city fathers would not permit the construction of a theatre in the city limits. Indoor playhouses, at first for the companies of child actors and later for adult companies were built inside the city over time. Certain Inns (such as the Bel Savage and the Cross Keys) were licenced for theatrical productions in the city in the early part of Shakespeare's career.
The outdoor theatres were not built in London, but in settlements around London in Shakespeare's time. The Globe, The Rose, The Swan and the Hope were in Southwark, just south of the river. Newington Butts was in Newington, south of Clapham. The Theatre, The Curtain and The Fortune were built North of the city in Shoreditch and Clerkenwell. The indoor theatres were built in London but were subject to strict control by the city fathers. Even though the Burbage's owned the Blackfriars, the King's Men were not allowed to use it until 1608 because the City had banned performances by adult companies.
William Shakespeare mainly worked for and later part-owned a theatre company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men. The company was sponsored by the same person whose name it bore. The company operated principally out of theatres in London, or rather in the suburbs of London since large theatres were not allowed in the city itself.
In Elizabethan times there were actually city ordinances prohibiting the building of theatres within the city (there were no city walls around sixteenth-century London). Think of it as a zoning ordinance. The city fathers thought that theatres created traffic problems and contributed to the spread of crime and disease (although they did not worry about churches, strangely enough). Therefore the theatres were built in the suburbs.
They were closed a couple of times in the 1590's because there was an outbreak of the bubonic plague in the City, and it was thought that disease would spread more if the theatres were open. The actors then went on tour of the country and Shakespeare made himself rich writing long poems like Venus and Adonis.
The Globe Theatre was on the south bank of the Thames in the borough called Southwark. The Blackfriars Theatre was in London. Shakespeare had an interest in both of these theatres.
There is no such thing as a "Shakespeare Theatre". Shakespeare performed in theatres, and even invested some money in a couple, but he was not associated with the construction or design or ownership of theatres in his day, or even nowadays. In Shakespeare's day, the theatres in and around London were built either north of the city limits (The Theatre, The Curtain, The Fortune) or south of the river in Southwark (The Rose, The Globe, The Swan) because the city fathers would not permit the construction of a theatre in the city limits. Indoor playhouses, at first for the companies of child actors and later for adult companies were built inside the city over time. Certain Inns (such as the Bel Savage and the Cross Keys) were licenced for theatrical productions in the city in the early part of Shakespeare's career.
The outdoor theatres were not built in London, but in settlements around London in Shakespeare's time. The Globe, The Rose, The Swan and the Hope were in Southwark, just south of the river. Newington Butts was in Newington, south of Clapham. The Theatre, The Curtain and The Fortune were built North of the city in Shoreditch and Clerkenwell. The indoor theatres were built in London but were subject to strict control by the city fathers. Even though the Burbage's owned the Blackfriars, the King's Men were not allowed to use it until 1608 because the City had banned performances by adult companies.
William Shakespeare mainly worked for and later part-owned a theatre company called the Lord Chamberlain's Men. The company was sponsored by the same person whose name it bore. The company operated principally out of theatres in London, or rather in the suburbs of London since large theatres were not allowed in the city itself.
Just outside London. Some were to the south, in Southwark and the liberty of the Clink, and Newington even farther south. And others were to the north, in an area called Bishopsgate or Shoreditch, and also in the area called Cripplegate. But not actually in the City of London, because the City Fathers did not approve of theatres.
Then as now, it's London.
London
The main enemies of Shakespeare's theatre were the Puritans and the city officials who viewed public theatres as immoral and disruptive. The Puritans saw theatre as a sinful activity that promoted immorality and waste of time. City officials often imposed strict regulations on theatres and tried to shut them down.
In Elizabethan times there were actually city ordinances prohibiting the building of theatres within the city (there were no city walls around sixteenth-century London). Think of it as a zoning ordinance. The city fathers thought that theatres created traffic problems and contributed to the spread of crime and disease (although they did not worry about churches, strangely enough). Therefore the theatres were built in the suburbs.
They were closed a couple of times in the 1590's because there was an outbreak of the bubonic plague in the City, and it was thought that disease would spread more if the theatres were open. The actors then went on tour of the country and Shakespeare made himself rich writing long poems like Venus and Adonis.
Paris was the second-largest city in Europe, about 450,000 in 1600.
A number of factors caused theatre closures: 1. Disease, primarily plague. When there was an outbreak of plague, it was feared that the crowded theatres would spread the disease. Minor closures occured in 1596 and 1606 but there was a terrible long closure in 1593 and 1594 which put a lot of theatrical companies out of business. 2. Political Incorrectness. The play The Isle of Dogs was terribly offensive to the Queen and council and was suppressed with vigour. This included the closing of the Swan Theatre, which never really recovered. 3. Puritan hostility. This caused all of the theatres in London to be closed from 1642 to 1660 while the puritans were in power.