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Name the social classes to which most philosophes belonged?

The philosophes primarily belonged to the bourgeoisie, which was the middle class during the Enlightenment. They were educated individuals who came from various professions such as lawyers, physicians, writers, and scholars. Some philosophes also came from the nobility or clergy.


What were French philosophers and social critics called during the Enlightenment?

French philosophers and social critics during the Enlightenment were known as philosophes. They played a significant role in shaping intellectual thought in 18th-century France, advocating for reason, progress, and individual freedoms.


What two centuries were the centuries of the philosophes?

The philosophes (French for philosophers) were the intellectuals of the 18th century Enlightenment. Few were primarily philosophers; rather, philosophes were public intellectuals who applied reason to the study of many areas of learning, including philosophy, history, science, politics, economics and social issues.


What is the primary occupation of the philosophes?

The primary occupation of the philosophes was to engage in philosophical discussions, promote reason, and advocate for social and political reform. They were intellectuals who sought to challenge traditional beliefs and promote critical thinking.


What was the main goal of enlightenment philosophes?

The main goal of Enlightenment philosophes was to promote reason, individualism, and progress in society. They sought to challenge traditional authority and promote scientific thinking and human rights.