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Morality and ethics both involve principles of right and wrong behavior, but they differ in their definitions. Morality typically refers to personal beliefs and values about what is right and wrong, often influenced by religion or culture. Ethics, on the other hand, are more formal and systematic principles that guide decision-making in professions or organizations. Ethics are often based on philosophical reasoning and can be more universal in nature.

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What is objective morality and how does it differ from subjective morality?

Objective morality refers to the belief that moral principles are universal and independent of individual beliefs or opinions. It is based on the idea that certain actions are inherently right or wrong regardless of personal perspectives. On the other hand, subjective morality is based on personal beliefs and opinions, meaning that what is considered right or wrong can vary from person to person.


How do act and rule utilitarianism differ in their approach to determining the morality of actions?

Act utilitarianism focuses on the consequences of individual actions to determine their morality, while rule utilitarianism considers the overall consequences of following certain rules or principles in making moral decisions.


How does immanuel kant define tolerance?

Immanuel Kant defines tolerance as the moral duty to respect the autonomy and freedom of others, even when their beliefs or actions differ from our own. He argues that tolerance is essential for living in a diverse society and upholding the principles of reason and morality.


The view that the right thing to do will differ under differing circumstances fits best with which ethical theory?

Ethical relativism is the view that what is right or wrong can vary depending on the context or culture. This theory suggests that there is no universal standard for morality and that ethical judgments are relative to the particular circumstances or beliefs of a society or individual.


How do deontology, consequentialism, and virtue ethics differ in their approaches to ethical decision-making?

Deontology focuses on following moral rules and duties, regardless of the outcomes. Consequentialism prioritizes the consequences of actions to determine their morality. Virtue ethics emphasizes developing good character traits to guide ethical decision-making.

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