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According to philosopher and ethicist John Rawls some of what he calls the "natural" duties" include these:

  • duty of kindness, or to avoid being cruel
  • duty to protect others from injury or harm, especially innocents
  • duty of helpfulness, however that may be defined
  • duty to be just and advocate justice
  • duty of being mutually respectful

Rawls believes these natural duties should be fostered as the basis for humanity, separate from but in agreement with laws that we create. He believes the "natural duties" work together with "obligations" to form "requirements", that being the moral code each person should strive to adhere to as the backbone of human conduct. Moralists, ethicists, theologians, and philosophers throughout history have all searched to define the highest moral conduct and reasoning humans should use throughout life.

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What are Kant's perfect duties and how do they differ from imperfect duties?

Kant's perfect duties are actions that must always be done, such as telling the truth or keeping promises. Imperfect duties are actions that should be done but are not always required, such as helping others in need. The main difference is that perfect duties are strict and universal, while imperfect duties allow for some flexibility in when and how they are fulfilled.


What is the distinction between perfect and imperfect duties in ethics?

Perfect duties in ethics are those that are considered morally binding in all circumstances, such as the duty not to lie or steal. Imperfect duties, on the other hand, are duties that are not always specific in their application and allow for some discretion in how they are fulfilled, such as the duty to help others in need.


What are Kant's views on imperfect duties and how do they differ from perfect duties?

Kant believed that imperfect duties are those that we have the freedom to choose when and how to fulfill, such as helping others or self-improvement. In contrast, perfect duties are those that we must always fulfill, such as telling the truth or keeping promises. Imperfect duties allow for personal discretion, while perfect duties are absolute and non-negotiable.


What is Kant's perspective on imperfect duties and how do they differ from perfect duties?

Kant believed that imperfect duties are those that we have the freedom to choose when and how to fulfill, such as helping others in need. In contrast, perfect duties are those that we must always fulfill, such as telling the truth. Imperfect duties allow for more flexibility and personal judgment, while perfect duties are strict and non-negotiable.


What is the distinction between perfect duties and imperfect duties in ethics?

Perfect duties in ethics are those that are considered to be universally binding and must always be followed, such as the duty not to lie or steal. Imperfect duties, on the other hand, are duties that are important but not always specific in their application, such as the duty to help others in need.

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