Which figure benefited most directly from the new Aristotle-writings re-discovered through Arabic scholarship and translation?

Answer 1

First, on the subject of "Arabic scholarship": It is a matter of fact that his works were kept in the Byzantine Empire libraries and were available there for all interested scholars. On top of that, the Byzantine Empire had been home to several "Aristotelian schools" since as early as 600 AD. When the Arabs conquered the eastern parts of the Byzantine Empire, they found several of these schools and allowed them to continue to exist. So technically they had now become "Arab" schools, but if anything Arabs became the pupils there, not the teachers.

The problem was mostly that until the 14th century and the start of the Renaissance, interest in ALL classical philosophers and writers had been minimal in the West. When interest in Greek and Roman philosophy re-emerged, a great many people were influenced by Aristotle's thoughts. There are many candidates for 'person to have directly benefited from his ideas', but Durante degli Alighieri, better known as the poet Dante of "Inferno" fame is one of those who is still famous today.

Answer 2

The Christian theologians and scholars during the Renaissance benefited most directly from the new Aristotle writings rediscovered through Arabic scholarship and translation. These writings influenced the development of scholasticism and sparked a revival of interest in classical philosophy and science in Europe.