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  • The most important characteristic of nonliving things is the absence of protoplasm, the fundamental basis of life. For example, cells are absent in stones or any non living things.
  • Due to the absence of protoplasm, no metabolic activities are possible in the nonliving things.
  • The structural organization like tissue, organ or system is never found in nonliving things.
  • The nonliving things usually do not have any definite form or size of their own. Liquids assume the shape of the container. A liquid like water when heated changes into the gaseous state or can be even frozen into the solid state and thus it has no definite form.
  • The movement, if observed, is never automatic but occurs under any other external influence.
  • Another Characteristics of Non-living things is that growth occurs by accretion, i.e. by addition of materials from outside. For example a crystal in a solution or a snowball may grow larger in size due to the accumulation of particles of its own unit on the outer surface of the original body.
  • The absence of nutrition, excretion, respiration, reproduction, irritability and adaptation are the characteristics of nonliving things.
  • The unlimited duration of existence or immortality is a vital characteristic of nonliving things.
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