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The speed of sound in sea water varies as the temperature, salinity and hydrostatic pressure of the water vary. This can lead to variations in calculations of depth even in "simple" cases. But 1500 meters per second is a good "average" for the speed of sound in the ocean. At that rate, the bottom would be calculated to be half the distance that sound could travel in that 1.65 seconds. Let's do the math. 1.65 seconds times 1500 meters per second equals 2475 meters 2475 meters divided by 2 equals 1237.5 meters or about 4060 feet. A link to the Wikipedia article on sonar is provided.

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Q: A sonar signal is sent straight down from a ship at a point just below the surface of the water and 6 seconds later the reflected signal is detected. How deep is the water?
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Why are image reflected from a rough surface not as clear as those reflected from a smooth surface?

Some light that falls on any surface is scattered back (reflected). A rough surface tends to scatter the light in different directions while a smooth surface tends to scatter more of the original (incident) rays straight back. This explains why a smooth surface reflects a "clearer" image than that reflected from a rough surface.


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