CBRNE Radiation Nuclear Answers

Answer 1

1 Which of the following cell types are most sensitive to radiation damage?

ANS: Cells that are actively dividing

2 What type of ionizing radiation is the least penetrating?

ANS: alpha

3 Long after wound healing and encapsulating pseudocyst formation, a patient learns that his shrapnel contains Depleted Uranium (DU). Of the treatments listed below, which is the best?

ANS: The pseudocyst and shrapnel should be removed intact

4 Use the drop down menus to place the phases of Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) in order.

ANS: prodromal latent manifest

5 What blood test is available that will give an accurate estimate of radiation dose?

ANS: Lymphocyte cytogenetics

6 Military personnel were one kilometer from a nuclear blast 2 hours ago. They are now in a safe area, but along with wounds received from conventional weapons, many are suffering from nausea and intestinal cramps. Several of the patients have Electronic Personal Dosimeters (EPDs) attached to their equipment, and it is noted that the average reading is 400 RAD or cGy (4 Gray). What is the most probable Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) subsyndrome and phase?

ANS: ARS, Hematopoietic Subsyndrome, Prodromal Phase

7 Approximately 5 hours ago, a tank commander was partially exposed in an open turret when a tactical nuclear device was detonated nearby. He has serious flash burns,

with blistering on his neck and cheeks, nose, and chin ---all other skin areas were covered by helmet, goggles, gloves, and uniform jacket. He has no other visible

wounds and although disoriented and agitated, for the most part, he has been responsive to the medical personnel who are tending to the burns. During the treatment,

the patient begins convulsing. His speech becomes incoherent and he begins experiencing violent bouts of watery diarrhea. Evaluate this patient and make a triage decision.

ANS: ?

8 Patients with concurrent surgical injuries and radiation exposure should either be operated on expeditiously or ___________________.

ANS: ?

9 What does the number of neutrons determine?

ANS: The isotope of the element

10 When a wounded victim presents with possible Depleted Uranium (DU) contamination, which one of the following should receive higher patient care priority?

ANS: Gross decontamination and immediate treatment of wound

11 The following casualties have been delivered to your medical first-echelon medical facility. Not all are from the same unit, however there is reason to suspect that much of the current combat involves raids on enemy WMD storage sites, with the possibility of at least one small detonation having taken place:

Victim #1 is conscious and has deep lacerations and probable broken ribs.

Victim #2 has multiple gunshot wounds and is bleeding through several layers of compress bandages.

Victim #3 is unconscious and has a tourniquet applied to her leg. Blistered burns cover her hands.

Victim #4 has a large contusion on his head and is unconscious.

Which of the below courses of action is most appropriate for the situation?

ANS: Treat all life-threatening injuries first

12 Lymphocyte counts correlate with the absorbed dose of radiation. Which of the following statements is correct concerning dose estimates?

ANS: The more rapid the decrease in lymphocytes, the higher the expected dose.

13 Select the patient(s) least likely to suffer additional deleterious effects from radiation sickness.

(wrong Patients wounded/injured in the middle of the clinical (manifest) phase

ANS: minor wounds

14 What tablets are given to workers and residents near a nuclear power plant in the event of an accident involving radionuclides?

ANS: Potassium iodide

15 What is the process by which an atom changes from an unstable state to a more stable state by emitting radiation called?

ANS: Radioactive decay

16 Use the drop down menu to match each radiological injury with the recommended course of treatment.

Injury:

A. Whole-body radiation exposure, mild nausea and vomiting, now asymptomatic

Supportive care prn, follow for signs of neutropenia and infection

B. Conventional wound with radioactive contaminants

Employ wound debridement, dressings, and antibiotics prn

C. Gastrointestinal subsyndrome

ANS: Supportive care with antiemetics, antibiotics, and cytokine treatment prn: rigorous infection control procedures

17 Which one of the following is NOT classified as initial care of medical casualties with moderate and severe radiation exposure?

ANS: Requires bone marrow transplant therapy

18 The Depleted Uranium (DU) load in a patient is measured by the uranium level in what?

ANS: Urine

19 Which one of the following best describes gamma rays?

ANS: smallest wavelengths and the most energy of any other wave in the electromagnetic spectrum

20 Parameters that affect the absorbed dose of radiation include which of the following?

ANS: all are correct