Hazards and Health Considerations: Thorium
presents both a toxic and radiological hazard. Toxicologically,
it causes heavy metal poisoning similar to lead
or the uranium isotopes. Biologically, thorium accumulates
in the skeletal system where it has a biological
half-life of 200 years, the same as plutonium. An M 17
protective mask and standard anti-contamination
clothing will adequately protect against thorium.
Common compounds of thorium: thorium dioxide, thorium trifluoride, thorium tetrafluoride, thorium tetrachloride, thorium triiodide, thorium diiodide,
thorium tetraiodide, thorium nitrate, thorium oxalate, thorium carbide, thorium sulfides, thorium nitride, thorium oxinate, etc.
Thorium is a metal element. There are 90 electrons in a single atom.
Thorium itself is not a fuel, it does not emit energy. However if it is irradiated in a reactor it forms uranium233 which is a fissile isotope of uranium. Therefore potentially thorium can be used to breed fissile fuel. There are issues around reprocessing however which have not been tackled because the incentive is not there whilst uranium235 is available. Thorium might become important in the future, or for a country which has thorium but not uranium. See link below
Alpha particles but also electrons and gamma radiations (Th 232).
90 in ground state
alpha particles.
Common compounds of thorium: thorium dioxide, thorium trifluoride, thorium tetrafluoride, thorium tetrachloride, thorium triiodide, thorium diiodide, thorium tetraiodide, thorium nitrate, thorium oxalate, thorium carbide, thorium sulfides, thorium nitride, thorium oxinate, etc.
The only common thorium oxide formula is ThO2.
The common minerals of thorium are: monazite, thorianite, thorite.
The concentration of thorium in the Earth crust is cca. 6 ppm.
Thorium carbide is a systematic unique name in chemistry.
Sulfur is of course more common.
Thorium, with the chemical symbol Th, is the chemical element with the atomic number 90.
Thorium and fluorine Thorium trifluoride - ThF3 Thorium tetrafluoride - ThF4
+4 is the most common and the most stable oxidation number
Thorium don't smell.
Thorium (Th).
Thorium is a natural, radioactive, chemical element; chemically, thorium is homogeneous.