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Example 1If a 235U atom splits up into two nuclides with mass number 117 and 118, estimate the energy released in the process.
SolutionA search of stable nuclides with mass numbers 117 and 118 are 117Sn50, and 118Sn50, their masses being 116.902956 and 117.901609 amu respectively. The mass of 235U is 235.043924 amu. The difference in mass 235.043924 - (116.902956 + 117.901609)
= 0.2394 amu (931.5 MeV) / (1 amu)
= 223 MeV.
Discussion
Actually, the fission is induced by neutrons, and usually the split is uneven. In reality, two neutrons are also released, but they were ignored in this example to make the estimate simple. Furthermore, the fission products are beta emitters as illustrated by example 2.
Example 2Assume the neutron induced fission reaction to be, 235U + n ® 142Cs55 + 90Rb35 + 4 n.
explain the results and estimate the energy released.
Solution
The neutron-rich fission products are beta emitters:142Cs55 ( , b) 142Ba56 ( , b) 142La57 ( , b) 142Ce58 ( , b) 142Pr59 ( , b) 142Nd60 (stable)
90Rb37 ( , b) 90Sr38 ( , b) 90Y39 ( , b) 90Zr40 (stable)
The masses of n, 142Nd60 and 90Zr40 are 1.008665, 141.907719 and 89.904703 amu respectively. The energy per fission and the decay energy are estimated as follows. Energy = 235.04924 - (89.904703 + 141.907719 + 3 x 1.008665)
= 0.210823 amu (931.5 MeV / amu)
= 196 MeV (1.6022e-13 J / MeV)
= 3.15e-11 J
What else can I help you with?
How does the process of nuclear fusion in the sun differ from nuclear fission in terms of energy production and sustainability?
Nuclear fusion in the sun involves combining light atomic nuclei to release energy, while nuclear fission on Earth involves splitting heavy atomic nuclei to release energy. Fusion produces more energy and is more sustainable than fission because it uses abundant fuel sources and produces less radioactive waste.
How does the hydrogen bomb work?
A hydrogen bomb, also known as a thermonuclear bomb, uses a combination of nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. The detonation of a fission bomb triggers the fusion of hydrogen isotopes (deuterium and tritium), releasing tremendous amounts of energy. This process results in a significantly more powerful explosion than a traditional atomic bomb, which relies solely on nuclear fission.
What are benefits fission and fusion gives us?
Fission is used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity, providing a reliable source of energy with minimal greenhouse gas emissions. Fusion, while not yet commercially viable, has the potential to provide a nearly limitless and clean energy source in the future, as it produces no long-lived radioactive waste and uses abundant fuel sources.
Which is bigger atom bomb or nuclear bomb?
Both words are technically interchangeable, so your question cannot be answered as written. Perhaps you meant which is bigger fission or fusion bomb? Define bigger: size or yield? The biggest bombs ever built in both size and yield have been fusion. But many modern fission bombs are bigger physically than fusion bombs with bigger yield and some fission bombs have bigger yield than some fusion bombs. Confused? It all depends on purpose.
What is the difference between an atomic bomb and a thermonuclear bomb?
They are both general terms. The term "atomic bomb" can mean any nuclear weapon, either a fission weapon or a fusion weapon (the so-called hydrogen bomb). The term thermonuclear bomb is also used in general, but it usually excludes the fusion bombs. It should be noted, however, that it takes a fission bomb to generate the heat necessary to "set off" a fusion reaction and make a fusion bomb work.
What is the difference a fission and fusion?
fission is the splitting of atoms of uranium or plutionium by the means of neutrons. fusion is the opposite. fusion is the violent combining of atoms through magnatism and heat. our own sun uses fusion to shine.
Does nuclear power plants uses nuclear fusion?
No, they rely on fission. Controlled fusion is the holy grail of nuclear power.
Do H bombs deal with fission?
They do. While the hydrogen bomb is generally regarded as a weapon that uses nuclear fusion, there is no such thing as a purely fusion-powered device. The fusion reaction is triggered by a fission device that forms part of the bomb.
Does a thermo nuclear bomb use nucklear fission or nucklear fusion?
A thermonuclear bomb uses N-U-C-L-E-A-R fusion
Maximam dengrus bomb between nuclear bomb or hydrogen bomb?
If you are asking which has the maximum danger, a hydrogen bomb is one type of nuclear bomb. In general, nuclear bombs can be fission (called atomic) or fusion (hydrogen) A fusion bomb is larger than an fission bomb, and actually uses a fission bomb to start the fusion reaction.
Why is an atomic bomb sometimes called a fisson bomb?
The term atomic bomb is a general one. It refers to any kind of nuclear weapon. But there are basically a couple of different types of nuclear weapon: the fission weapon, and the fusion weapon. (We can split hairs and add some, but let's not.) In a "regular" atomic or nuclear weapon, a fission weapon, subcritical masses of fissile material, usually plutonium, are driven together by conventional explosives and the thing goes off. Boom! There is fission, but no fusion. That differentiates this type of weapon from a fusion device. The term fusion deviceis used to talk about what used to be called the hydrogen bomb. The fusion weapon must have a fission device to create the heat necessary for fusion to occur, and it uses the fission bomb to "trigger" fusion in that light. If someone uses the term "fission bomb" in a presentation, they are not talking about the so-called hydrogen bomb or any fusion weapon - if they are using the term correctly.
Is it true that nuclear fusion is like a bomb?
Both fission and fusion can be used to make nuclear bombs, in fact almost every nuclear bomb in stockpile in the world today uses both fission and fusion to achieve its total yield, optimize it material efficiency, and reduce size and weight.
What is used in an atomic bomb?
An atomic bomb uses nuclear fission or fusion to release a massive amount of energy. This is achieved by either splitting (fission) or combining (fusion) atomic nuclei, resulting in a powerful explosion.
What kind of nuclear reaction does an atomic bomb use?
An atomic bomb uses a nuclear fission reaction. This involves splitting the nucleus of a heavy atom, such as uranium or plutonium, into smaller nuclei, releasing a large amount of energy in the process.
If a fusion reaction produces no appreciable radioactive isotopes then why does a hydrogen bomb produce significant radioactive fallout?
A hydrogen bomb is actually a fission-fusion-fission reaction. The primary fission trigger (plutonium) supplies the energy to induce fusion, but then the fusion energy is used to initiate the secondary fission, which is a large amount of uranium. (in a "clean" H bomb, the uranium is replaced with lead, making it much weaker) also, the radiation will affect the surrounding area, creating a large number of isotopes, dramatically increasing the radioactive fallout.-Akilae
Give examples of the different uses of energy?
what are the uses of energy?
Does a MRI machine use nuclear fusion or fission?
it uses nuclear fusion-I don't think so!! It uses electrical energy to move the magnetic fields around in order to scan the subject. Nuclear fusion is not used for any purpose on earth except H-bombs
