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Example 1If a 235U atom splits up into two nuclides with mass number 117 and 118, estimate the energy released in the process.
SolutionA search of stable nuclides with mass numbers 117 and 118 are 117Sn50, and 118Sn50, their masses being 116.902956 and 117.901609 amu respectively. The mass of 235U is 235.043924 amu. The difference in mass 235.043924 - (116.902956 + 117.901609)
= 0.2394 amu (931.5 MeV) / (1 amu)
= 223 MeV.
Discussion
Actually, the fission is induced by neutrons, and usually the split is uneven. In reality, two neutrons are also released, but they were ignored in this example to make the estimate simple. Furthermore, the fission products are beta emitters as illustrated by example 2.
Example 2Assume the neutron induced fission reaction to be, 235U + n ® 142Cs55 + 90Rb35 + 4 n.
explain the results and estimate the energy released.
Solution
The neutron-rich fission products are beta emitters:142Cs55 ( , b) 142Ba56 ( , b) 142La57 ( , b) 142Ce58 ( , b) 142Pr59 ( , b) 142Nd60 (stable)
90Rb37 ( , b) 90Sr38 ( , b) 90Y39 ( , b) 90Zr40 (stable)
The masses of n, 142Nd60 and 90Zr40 are 1.008665, 141.907719 and 89.904703 amu respectively. The energy per fission and the decay energy are estimated as follows. Energy = 235.04924 - (89.904703 + 141.907719 + 3 x 1.008665)
= 0.210823 amu (931.5 MeV / amu)
= 196 MeV (1.6022e-13 J / MeV)
= 3.15e-11 J
Wiki User
∙ 12y ago
Wiki User
∙ 13y agoFission is a nuclear reaction where the nucleus of one atom splits into two smaller nucleus creating different elements with smaller atomic number and sometimes releasing free protons and neutrons.
The process of Nuclear Fission creates a lot of energy using minimal material, hence it is a good source of electricity.
Also, one of the most known yet dangerous use is the creation of nuclear bombs.
Wiki User
∙ 15y agoFor fission, there are 104 operating reactors in the US. See NRC website for full list (see link below). For fusion, this includes all stars, of which there is an almost infinite number.
Wiki User
∙ 14y agoFusion: Our sun fuses hydrogen into helium constantly. Eventually it will run out and thus burn out.
Fission: In all nuclear reactors and in nuclear bombs.
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Is the atom bomb and a nuke the same?
No, an atomic bomb uses fission, but a nuclear or thermonuclear bomb combines fission and nuclear fusion. Therefore, a nuke is more powerful than an atom bomb.
What can fission be used to do?
Fission gives off heat, neutrons, and fission products. Each of these things has different uses. The heat is the primary product. It is typically used to boil water, the steam being used to power a turbine, which turns a generator to make electricity. Neutrons can be used to turn atoms of one element into atoms of another element. For example, tritium can be manufactured by exposing hydrogen in water to neutrons. The tritium, in turn, has uses ranging from nuclear fusion to tracing flow in ecological systems. Some of the products of fission have their own uses and are easiest obtained from materials that have been in reactor cores. An example is cesium-137, whihc is a fission product, and has uses in medicine and industry.
A fission nuclear power plant uses what kind of reaction to generate heat?
The fission of U-235 and Pu-239
What is the difference between fission and fusion is?
Fusion refers to the connection or joining of two or more distinct things or bodies while Fission is a splitting of something into two or more parts.Nuclear fission is the division of a heavy atomic nucleus into two fragments of roughly equal mass, accompanied by the release of a large amount of energy, the binding energy of the subatomic particles.Nuclear fusion is the joining of two nuclei of light elements to form heavier ones, releasing huge amounts of energy.Fusion is when multiple nuclei are combined to form a heavier nucleus. For example, the fusion of 2 H atoms into a He atom. Fission is when one nucleus splits into multiple smaller nuclei. For example, when Uranium 235 splits into Ba and Kr nuclei.Fusion is the process that produces heat in stars, like the sun. It is safer and cleaner than fission, but we do not currently have the technology required to harness it, and Hydrogen is difficult to obtain on Earth.
Which of the following processes uses lasers?
Inertial confinement fusion
What is the difference a fission and fusion?
fission is the splitting of atoms of uranium or plutionium by the means of neutrons. fusion is the opposite. fusion is the violent combining of atoms through magnatism and heat. our own sun uses fusion to shine.
Does nuclear power plants uses nuclear fusion?
No, they rely on fission. Controlled fusion is the holy grail of nuclear power.
Do H bombs deal with fission?
They do. While the hydrogen bomb is generally regarded as a weapon that uses nuclear fusion, there is no such thing as a purely fusion-powered device. The fusion reaction is triggered by a fission device that forms part of the bomb.
Does a thermo nuclear bomb use nucklear fission or nucklear fusion?
A thermonuclear bomb uses N-U-C-L-E-A-R fusion
Maximam dengrus bomb between nuclear bomb or hydrogen bomb?
If you are asking which has the maximum danger, a hydrogen bomb is one type of nuclear bomb. In general, nuclear bombs can be fission (called atomic) or fusion (hydrogen) A fusion bomb is larger than an fission bomb, and actually uses a fission bomb to start the fusion reaction.
Why is an atomic bomb sometimes called a fisson bomb?
The term atomic bomb is a general one. It refers to any kind of nuclear weapon. But there are basically a couple of different types of nuclear weapon: the fission weapon, and the fusion weapon. (We can split hairs and add some, but let's not.) In a "regular" atomic or nuclear weapon, a fission weapon, subcritical masses of fissile material, usually plutonium, are driven together by conventional explosives and the thing goes off. Boom! There is fission, but no fusion. That differentiates this type of weapon from a fusion device. The term fusion deviceis used to talk about what used to be called the hydrogen bomb. The fusion weapon must have a fission device to create the heat necessary for fusion to occur, and it uses the fission bomb to "trigger" fusion in that light. If someone uses the term "fission bomb" in a presentation, they are not talking about the so-called hydrogen bomb or any fusion weapon - if they are using the term correctly.
Is it true that nuclear fusion is like a bomb?
Both fission and fusion can be used to make nuclear bombs, in fact almost every nuclear bomb in stockpile in the world today uses both fission and fusion to achieve its total yield, optimize it material efficiency, and reduce size and weight.
Does a MRI machine use nuclear fusion or fission?
it uses nuclear fusion-I don't think so!! It uses electrical energy to move the magnetic fields around in order to scan the subject. Nuclear fusion is not used for any purpose on earth except H-bombs
Is the atom bomb and a nuke the same?
No, an atomic bomb uses fission, but a nuclear or thermonuclear bomb combines fission and nuclear fusion. Therefore, a nuke is more powerful than an atom bomb.
Why do hydrogen bombs produce radioactive waste?
Although the name suggests that the bomb solely uses nuclear fusion to create mass destruction, a Hydrogen bomb actually contains both fission and fusion fuels. Since fusion requires such a high energy input to initiate, a fission bomb is required to detonate the fusion component of the Hydrogen bomb, thereby releasing nuclear waste and radiation.
Is nuclear fission happening on the sun or nuclear fusion?
Fusion. Fusion requires very high temperature and pressure. So on earth we usea critical mass of weapons grade uranium to start a fission chain reaction whichenables a fusion reaction in hydrogen. Fusion is of course more powerful than fission
What is nuclear bombs made up of?
active material (fissile and/or fusible materials)conventional explosiveselectronics (timing/firing circuits, fusing circuits, arming/safeing circuits, permissive action link or equivalent)metal and/or composite ballistic casing (might be steel or aluminum, in missile warheads an ablative resin/fiber composite heat shield is used too)etc.The active material provides the nuclear energy of the weapon. For fission bombs it is either Uranium or Plutonium. For fusion bombs it is normally Lithium Deuteride. There are many bomb designs that combine fission and fusion: a boosted fission bomb uses a hollow sealed fissile core that is filled with either deuterium gas, tritium gas, or a mix of both to get a small fusion yield, which causes a higher fission yield; the traditional fusion bomb involves several "cycles" of fission and fusion to work resulting in it usually being referred to as a fission-fusion-fission bomb, with typically 90% or more of its yield actually coming from the final fission step (not fusion).
