How do solar farms convert convert energy into electrical energy?

Answer 1

2 ways : direct solar panels (semiconductor conversion of sunlight to electricity)

and

mirrors - to concentrate sunlight at a focus - which will eventually boil water into steam which will turn turbines.

Answer 2

Solar farms use photovoltaic panels, which consist of solar cells made of semiconductor materials. When sunlight hits these cells, they generate an electric current through the photovoltaic effect. This direct current (DC) is then converted into alternating current (AC) electricity through inverters, making it suitable for use in the electrical grid.