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I have read it back in my High School that some metals have photoelectric effect, i.e. a charge is generated on them when light falls on them. Selenium, Cadmium are some of the common elements that demonstrate photoelectric effect. Nowadays amorphous silicon being used as a photoconductor in the photocopying machines. When a reflection from the original falls on the photoconductor unit then there is a charge difference in the areas where the document is blank and where it is printed. This makes the photoconductor surface charged unevenly. At this time, the toner which is again a charged colloidal powder (charged opposite to the charge generated on the photoconductor) is applied on the surface and it sticks to the areas where the photoconductor is charged. Thus the image is formed on the photoconductor unit. In order to transfer this image to paper, a transfer charge is applied on the paper which again is of opposite nature than the charge of toner. Thus the charge generated on paper attracts the toner particles and thus the image is transferred to the paper. This paper then goes into the fuser section where the toner is melt by applying heat and pressure and thus fixed. The final product is a photocopy.

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