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Simple Answer:
An isolated atom has three sources for a magnetic field, the electron motion, the electrons' intrinsic magnetic moment and the nuclear magnetic moment.

Explanation:
First, the electrons around the atom are in motion and if there is a net circulating flow (i.e. a nonzero angular momentum) then the motion of the electrons is a current that produces a magnetic field in basically the same process that any current produces a magnetic field.

Second, the electron itself has a magnetic property as a particle called the magnetic moment. The magnetic moment of the particle effectively makes it a tiny permanent magnet. (Other elementary particles have this property also.) The electrons in an atom can be arranged so that the magnetic fields of the individual electrons' magnetic moments add together or cancel each other out. If they do not totally cancel each other out, the atom as a whole then has the property of a tiny magnet. If arranged in a bulk form, like an iron magnet, these electrons can be the primary source of the permanent magnetic field of a material.

Third, the nucleus of an atom is also made up of particles with an intrinsic magnetic moment, just as the electron is. In particular, the protons have a large magnetic contribution. It is not often the case that the nuclei of atoms spontaneously align with the nuclei of other atoms to produce a net permanent magnetization of a material, but it is a technologically important characteristic, e.g. for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
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Sigurd Nolan

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2y ago

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Related Questions

What parts of an atom produce magnetism?

Every atom with the electron(s) revolving - or "spining" - around the atom's nucleus is a little magnet itself. Electrons of all atoms in a piece of material revolve (spin) in all possible directions, the magnetic field produced be each atom-magnet cancel each other and there is no general magnetic field in the material. If under the influence of an external magnetic flux picture does not change the material is said to be non-magnetic. On the contrary, if under the influence of the external magnetic flux the electrons spinning allign in the direction of the flux, the magnetic field of every atom allign too and produce a general magnetic field - the material is magnetic.


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Magnetic field.


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The magnetic field produced by a charge at a point is the force exerted by the charge on a moving charged particle at that point.


What part of an atom is responsible for producing magnetic fields?

The part of an atom responsible for producing magnetic fields is the electrons. Electrons possess a property called "spin," which generates a magnetic moment. When electrons move around the nucleus of an atom, their spinning motion creates a magnetic field. This magnetic field can interact with other magnetic fields to produce various magnetic effects.


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