One 'rule of thumb' that many of us oldtime engineers carry in our decomposing
mental toolboxes is: 1 foot = 1 nanosecond. Since you asked, I'll calculate it now,
and see how close it is:
Speed of light in vacuum = 299,792,458 meters per second.
Use 1 meter = 3.28084 feet
Speed of light = 983571000 feet per second.
Speed of light = 0.98357+ foot per nanosecond
"1 foot = 1 nanosecond" is within 1.65 percent of being accurate.
2.5 feet (in vacuum) takes 2.5418 nanoseconds (rounded)
Way back in Engineering school, I vivdly recall one of my profs telling us that
we could get awfully close if we use [ 1 nanosecond = 1 foot].
(This was very interesting to all of us at that time, since the foot, the nanosecond,
and light itself had been invented only a short time earlier.)
But I digress. Let's examine our thumb closely and see if this rule holds water:
-- Speed of light in vacuum: 299,792,458 meters per second = 983,571,000 feet per second (rounded)
-- Feet per nanosecond: 0.983571
-- Compared to 1 ft/ns : 1.64% low.
This proved to be an excellent rule of thumb since, in our Engineering school, lacking
any test equipment, anything within an order of magnitude was as good as "right on".
To put a somewhat finer and more modern point on it, today we would say that
in vacuum, light takes 2.0334 ns to cover a distance of 2 feet.
Just use the equation:distance = speed x time
Solving for time:
time = distance / speed
Note 1: The speed of light is 300 million meters/second.
Note 2: A second has a billion (10 to the power 9) nanoseconds.
Light travels at about 300,000 km/sec. Time =distance/speed = 2km/300000 = 1/150000 second = 1/0.15 nanosecond = 6.66 nanoseconds
1 day = 8.64e13 nanoseconds.
1 second = 1 billion nanoseconds 4 seconds = 4 billion nanoseconds = 4,000,000,000 = 4 x 109
10000000000000000
60,000,000,000
1 minute = 60 seconds 5 minutes = 300 seconds = 300 billion nanoseconds
It takes 1.3 to 1.4 nanoseconds for light to travel 1 foot.
The Earth is 500 light-seconds from the Sun. One second is 10^9 nanoseconds.
Light in a vacuum travels at 300,000 km per second. It will take distance divided by speed time to travel. Or 30 million thousand km divided by 300 thousand km/s = 100 000 seconds. This is 27.8 hours.
473,099,999,999,999,936 nanoseconds.
Since a microsecond is a millionth of a second, just divide the distance light travels in one second, by a million.
5.9327x10 ^19 nanoseconds
3.1536E+24 nanoseconds.
1 microsecond = 1,000 nanoseconds.
Six years = 1.89216e17 nanoseconds.
1 second = 1000000000 nanoseconds
1 day = 8.64e13 nanoseconds.
9.5 years = 299,629,999,999,999,936 nanoseconds.