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In free fall, all objects experience the same acceleration due to gravity regardless of their mass or air resistance. This is a fundamental principle known as the equivalence principle. Therefore, in the absence of other forces, all objects fall at the same rate regardless of their size or shape.
When air resistance is greater than the force of gravity acting on an object, it will slow down the object's descent. This is because the air resistance force counteracts the force of gravity, reducing the acceleration of the object as it falls.
When an object falls through the air and encounters air resistance, its overall acceleration decreases compared to a scenario where no air resistance is present. This decrease in acceleration causes the object to fall at a slower rate. The object's velocity increases until it reaches a terminal velocity where the force of air resistance is equal to the force of gravity acting on the object, resulting in a constant velocity.
Initially, the acceleration of an object as it falls through air is constant and equal to the gravitational acceleration (9.8 m/s^2). However, as the object accelerates, air resistance increases, which eventually causes the acceleration to decrease until it reaches a terminal velocity where the acceleration becomes zero.
When you drop an object, it falls due to gravity. The speed at which it falls depends on the object's mass and the force of gravity. If there is no air resistance, all objects fall at the same rate regardless of size or weight, as described by the acceleration due to gravity.
The acceleration due to gravity on a falling object is approximately 9.81 m/s^2, assuming no air resistance. This acceleration causes the object to increase its velocity by 9.81 m/s each second it falls.