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Retrograde motion is in the direction opposite to the movement of something else, and is the contrary of direct or prograde motion.

The term is often used when discussing the APARENT motion of the outer planets against the background of the fixed stars.

The planets outside the orbit of the Earth appear to move backwards along their orbital paths as our planet (Earth) overtakes them each year. They do not actually start orbiting backwards, it is a line of sight effect caused by OUR shifiting viewpoint.

Apparent motion is motion as it is viewed compared to something else.

For instance, the Earth rotates counterclockwise when viewed from above the North Pole.

If you view Earth from above the South Pole the apparent motion is clockwise.

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13y ago
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9y ago

Mars takes longer to travel round the Sun than we do, so when we are passing Mars, which happens at its closest approach, called opposition, it appears to go backwards on the ecliptic from one day to the next.

It's the same as when you overtake another car, it appears to go backwards.

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12y ago

prograde rotation!

The only retrograde rotations are Venus and Uranus.

^^

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12y ago

It's an apparent motion. You can be sure that Mars does not stop and reverse

direction in its orbit twice every time Earth passes by, just to attract our attention.

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Q: Is the retrograde motion of mars a real or apparent motion?
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