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A water tower is an energy-efficient way to provide water to a community or rural area. Water is pumped up into the tower, and flows out through separate pipes. The pipes connect to the homes or businesses in the area. A constant pressure is supplied to the system by the large elevated volume of water in the tower. (This is easier than constantly running pumps to maintain the pressure.) The limit, of course, is that water will not be forced higher than the level inside the tower. Higher hills or buildings will need to establish a secondary system (usually pumps and smaller rooftop tanks).

The physics of the tower involve the conservation of potential energy of the water, and that it will seek its own level in an unimpeded system. The energy used in filling the tower is applied to move water back out. And as long as the faucets are lowerthan the water level in the tower, the water will flow.

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