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Cacti are adapted to the dry, hot conditions in which they live in several ways.

  • Their leaves are modified to spines to reduce transpiration, meaning they do not lose their stored water. These spines are prickly in order to minimize the animals eating the cactus.
  • Cacti have long roots which go in search of water very deep inside the earth and its stem is very fleshy to store water and use it very slowly in time of no rainfall.
  • Being grayish/silver in color helps to reflect the heat of the sun and reduce water loss.
  • Tiny flowers to similarly limit loss of water to the air.
  • Long, dense, but shallow root systems to scavenge available surface water.
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