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A light bulb works by passing electricity through a long, thin piece of metal that is called a filament. The electricity heats up the filament much like an electric stove heats up its elements. The heat, through black body radiation, causes the filament to emit light. But, the heat also stretches and thus weakens the filament. Over time the weakening will break the filament along the heated portion and this is called "burning out" in common language.

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