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What else can I help you with?
How much water does a 10 meters long x 5 meters pool wide and 2m in depth?
100m3
How many cubic meters in 100cubic meters?
100. If you meant cm3 in 100 cubic metres, then there are 0.0001cm3 in 100m3
How to calculate the flue gas quantity at air pre heater out let with out any flow measurement devices?
If the flow is 100m3/hrs and line size is 2''
How many liters to 100cubic meters?
There are 1000 litres in a m3, therefore there are 100,000 litres in 100m3
How many UK gallons in 1m3?
100m3 equates to 26,417.2 US gallons.
What is an example of sediment?
Sediment is almost anything in the world around you. Just a few examples are: small rocks or stones, sand, remains of plants or animals, and dust.
How much water polluted by one liter of oil?
Water is generally considered to be polluted with oil once it has about 10 mg/L of oil in it (essentially 10 litres of oil per million litres of water). One litre of oil therefore pollutes 100,000 litres of water (100m3)
What are the structural and non structural mitigation measures for landslides?
Structural and non-structural mitigation of landsliderisk in road connections: the integration of monitoringand early warning devices in the Scascoli Gorges(northern Apennines, Italy)The Scascoli Gorges (25 km south of Bologna, Savena River Valley) display an intrinsicstructural predisposition to slope instability, due to stratigraphic and tectonicfeatures, resulting in several landslide bodies of different types and sizes. In particular,both the left and the right cliffs of the Gorges have been affected by huge rock fallsinvolving weathered and fractured sandstones. The rock fall events recorded in the lastfew years are impressive: on October 15th, 2002 a rock volume of about 20.000 cubicmeters detached from the left cliff, damming the Savena riverbed and completelydestroying 150 meters of the Fondovalle Savena provincial road. On March 12, 2005a rock slope failure of 30.000 cubic meters occurred, developing as a toppling-rockfall that, again, dammed the river and destroyed the road for a length of about 100 m.Despite the fact that the road represent an important connection from the upper part ofthe valley to the city, in both cases, no accidents and casualties were recorded.From 2005 onwards a large civil protection plan was set up in order to design protectionand consolidation works, and to manage the risk posed to the road on the elementsat risk, both directly and indirectly (people, road, economic activities etc.). Site characterization,in situ monitoring, slope stability analyses and alarm system, in the frameof residual risk assessment and management after the 2005 event, are here discussed.After the last major rockfall event and the first emergency response (removal of fallenblocks), two main sources of risk threatened the road in the Scascoli Gorges. One wasthe risk that single rock blocks resting on unfavourably orientated joints (volume inthe order of dm3 to 100m3) would detach from the cliff and impact the road. The otherwas the risk associated with an overall failure of the rock cliff such occurred in 2002and 2005 (volume in the order of 105m3). In order to reduce the hazard and to drop therisk below an acceptable level, both structural and non-structural mitigation measureswere combined.The first mitigation measure consisted of slope flattening and benching aimed to reducethe driving force in the cliff affected by the 2005 rockfall. Slope was excavatedby blasting and heavy ripping to an average slope of approximately 50°. Slope profilinghad the double positive effect of increasing the global safety factor of the rockslope and grading the slope away from the road, thus reducing the hazard related tosingle rockfalls. Furthermore, a rockfall barrier with an energy absorption capacity of1000 kJ was installed at mid-slope where the cliff was still too close to the road (10-15m). Structural measures also included the construction of a earth wall at the toe of thecliff, the protection of river banks against undermining, and the rebuilding of the roadsubgrade using large rock blocks fastened with concrete and stainless steel nets.Non-structural mitigation measures consisted of an automated monitoring system andof a cable alarm system. The monitoring system is composed by three electrical crackmetersinstalled across major discontinuity planes and one thermometer. The data arecollected every four hours, stored in the field and retrieved weekly via GSM. The alarmsystem was installed along the road guard rail and it consists of a cables pair coupledwith a current detector. Whether an interruption of the current flow is detected, thesystem turn on two red traffic signal signs placed at the entrance of the Gorges andsend an SMS alarm to nominated mobile phone numbers.The efficiency of the mitigation measures were evaluated in terms of risk reduction.The level of risk from rockfall was quantified by considering the following hazards:i) impact of a rock on a moving vehicle, ii) impact of a rock on a stationary vehicle;iii) impact of a vehicle on a stationary rock that is obstructing or blocking the road.The overall risk level was computed as sum of the probabilities of single accidentsmultiplied by the probability of death. By comparing the overall risk before and afterthe works, we demonstrated that the adopted mitigation measures have successfullydecreased the level of risk and that the level of residual risk is well below the valuescommonly selected for acceptable risk.
