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Thus far, only the Mach buffet that results from excessive speed has been addressed. It must be remembered that Mach buffet is a function of the speed of the airflow over the wing-not necessarily the speed of the airplane. Any time that too great a lift demand is made on the wing, whether from too fast an airspeed or from too high an angle of attack near the MMO, the "high-speed" buffet will occur. Interupted airflow over the wing which can be caused by high speed in thin air, high angle of attack , high wing loading, or G forces, all of which disturb the airflow over the wing. It is not the speed of the airplane but the speed of the air over the wing.

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What is low speed mach buffet?

There is no such thing as "low speed Mach buffet". It is sometimes confused with stall buffet. Mach buffet is caused by the local airspeed (such as air going around a nacelle or over a wing which is locally faster than the surounding air relative to the aircraft airspeed.) going above the speed of sound and hitting part of the airframe or another area of high speed air from the airframe or nacelle. It occurs usually above .75 Mach or so. Stall buffet is caused by the wing losing lift due to travelling too slowly and requiring an angle of attack that is too high. Stall buffet can be higher airspeed if the aircraft is heavy or under "G" loads greater than 1, in effect requiring a higher angle of attack to maintain altitude. At very high altitudes, it is possible for stall speed and Mach buffet speed to be the same. This is often referred to as the "coffin corner". This is generally at an altitude higher than most aircraft can climb to, so is only a factor in high performance fighters or reconaissance aircraft such as the U-2. This is because Stall Speed is a factor of Calibrated Airspeed, which does not change much with altitude. As altitude is increased, the air density is lower so the aircraft must go faster to maintain a given Calibrated Altitude. True Airspeed ismuch faster at high altitude for a given Calibrated Altitude. Mach number is relatively constant with altitude andvaries with temperature, so the Stall Speed canhave a high True Airspeed at high altitude - and if one goes high enough the Stall Speed and the critical Mach number, where Mach buffet occurs, will be the same True Airspeed. There is no such thing as "low speed mach buffet".


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