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The mass of a volume of a material depends on its density. A cup of water is likely to have less mass than a cup of sand, because the density of rock is generally much greater than water, and sand is fine particles of rock.

Sand can be packed into a cup at different densities, but even if only lightly poured into the cup, the air between the sand particles will not be sufficient to make the density lighter than that of water, as most rock is at least twice as dense as water.

Some rocks are apparently less dense than water: they even float! But, this is because they have trapped air bubbles in them which lighten them, and once ground into sand, they will be much denser as the air is no longer trapped within the rock.

Some examples of densities are:

  • water 1 g/cm3
  • granite 2.7 g/cm3
  • sandstone 2.3 g/cm3
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15y ago

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