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rain is defined as extension per unit length.

Strain = extension / original length

where,

ε = strain,

lo = the original length

e = extension = (l-lo), and

l = stretched length

Strain has no units because it is a ratio of lengths.

We can use the above definitions of stress and strain for forces causing tension or compression.

If we apply tensile force we have tensile stressand tensile strain

If we apply compressive force we have compressive stress and compressive strain.

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