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What provides the energy to swivel the head of myosin?
The energy to swivel the head of myosin is provided by ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules. ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate during the power stroke of muscle contraction, releasing energy that causes the myosin head to swivel and slide along actin filaments.
How do cross bridge power stroke bring about shortening of muscle contraction in human?
During muscle contraction, the cross-bridge power stroke occurs when myosin heads bind to actin filaments and then pivot or "power stroke," pulling the actin filaments towards the center of the sarcomere. This action causes the muscle fibers to shorten, resulting in overall muscle contraction.
When a spark ignites the mixture of gas and fuel in a four stroke engine stored chemical energy is converted to blank energy?
When a spark ignites the mixture of gas and fuel in a four-stroke engine, stored chemical energy is converted to thermal energy, which causes the gas and fuel mixture to burn and expand rapidly, generating mechanical energy that powers the engine.
Explain the action of the conventional shock absorb on both compression and rebound strokes?
During the compression stroke, the shock absorber compresses, absorbing the kinetic energy from the impact. This process helps to slow down the movement of the suspension system, reducing the force transmitted to the vehicle body. On the rebound stroke, the shock absorber extends, releasing the stored energy from the compression stroke gradually, allowing the suspension to return to its original position smoothly.
What forces the piston down the cylinder on the power stroke?
The expanding high-pressure gases from combustion push the piston down the cylinder during the power stroke in an internal combustion engine. This force generated by the burning fuel drives the piston down, converting the pressure and heat energy into mechanical energy to rotate the engine's crankshaft.
What provides the energy to swivel the head of myosin?
The energy to swivel the head of myosin is provided by ATP (adenosine triphosphate) molecules. ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate during the power stroke of muscle contraction, releasing energy that causes the myosin head to swivel and slide along actin filaments.
What provides the energy to break the connection between actin and myosin?
ATP, of course. When the myosin head extends towards the actin thin filament it has in it's active site ADP and P +. So, when the stroke is over the ADP and P+ fall out and are replaced by ATP, which immediately metabolizes to ADP and P +.
After cross bridged formation the myosin head pivots toward the M Line the action is called?
The action of the myosin head pivoting toward the M line after cross-bridge formation is called the "power stroke." During this process, the myosin head pulls the actin filament inward, resulting in muscle contraction. This movement is fueled by the hydrolysis of ATP, which provides the energy necessary for the myosin head to change its conformation and perform the stroke.
What is used to detach the myosin head?
ATP is used to detach myosin heads and move them back to position for another "power stroke."
What is released from the myosin head just before the power stroke?
Just before the power stroke, the myosin head releases adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This release occurs after the myosin head has bound to actin, and it triggers the conformational change that results in the power stroke, pulling the actin filament toward the center of the sarcomere. This process is essential for muscle contraction.
Where in the cross bridge cycle does ATP hydrolysis occur?
ATP hydrolysis occurs during the cocking stage of the cross bridge cycle, where the myosin head is cocked back into its high-energy position before it can bind to actin and perform the power stroke.
How is ATP used during contraction and relaxation?
During muscle contraction, ATP is essential for the interaction between actin and myosin, as it provides the energy needed for myosin heads to bind to actin and perform the power stroke. Additionally, ATP is required for the detachment of myosin from actin, allowing the cycle to repeat. During relaxation, ATP is crucial for the active transport of calcium ions back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, which helps to terminate the contraction and restore the muscle to its resting state. Without ATP, muscles would remain contracted and unable to relax properly.
At what stage in the cross-bridge cycle is ATP split into ADP and Pi?
ATP is split into ADP and Pi during the cocking stage of the cross-bridge cycle, which is also known as the power stroke preparation phase. This occurs after myosin heads bind to actin and prior to the power stroke.
Does myosin have the ability to swivel when powered by ATP?
Yes...ATP causes myosin to detach from actin. Then, Hydrolysis of ATP, which results in ADP and P, causes conformational change in myosin head to swivel or pivot about its axis and then weakly bind to an actin filament. Once the myosin head binds, a conformational change in the myosin head will cause the P to leave (the ADP is still stuck on). The leaving of the P causes the power stroke or "the pulling of the actin filament/rowing stroke". ADP then leaves and the myosin is now back at its original state.
What are the molecules are attached to the myosin head from the previous cycle of movement?
Molecules attached to the myosin head from the previous movement cycle are inorganic phosphate and ADP (adenosine diphosphate). These molecules are released when the myosin head binds to actin, leading to the power stroke of muscle contraction.
Flexing the head of this molecule provides what is known as the?
Flexing the head of a molecule provides what is known as the active site, where specific interactions occur between the molecule and other substances, such as enzymes and substrates. This flexibility allows for optimal binding and catalytic activity, essential for biological functions.
What stroke of a 4 stroke engine provides power to the crankshaft?
the power stroke
