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a) Mohr Balance: devised by Karl F. Mohr

b) Pycnometer Method

  • pycnometer - a small glass bottle with a ground glass stopper through which a hole is bored
- the bottle is weighed empty, then full of water, the full of the given liquid.

c) Hare's Method: devised by Robert Hare

- measure specific gravity by balancing the pressure cause by a column of a given liquid against the equal pressure caused by a column of water.

d) Use of Hydrometer

  • for rapid measurement of the approximate specific gravity of a liquid.
  • hydrometer - has a long stem with Hg(Mercury) at it's lower end to make it float upright in the liquid being measured; graduations in the stem indicate the value of the specific gravity.
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