The equation for half-life is
AT = A0 2 (-T / H)
where A0 is the starting activity, AT is the activity at some time T, and H is half-life in units of T.
As a result, seven half-lives would be 2(-7) or 0.0078125 of the original activity.
Usually, 50%. That's what half-life means: the time required for 50% of the original radioisotope to undergo radioactive decay (or, alternatively, the time required for there to be a 50% chance that any given atom will have decayed). To be more specific: half of the original radioactive substance will have transformed into something else (it may still BE there, so in some sense it's "remaining", but it will be a different element or isotope). The reason for the "usually" is that it's a random process and for small numbers of atoms, the actual results may vary quite a bit from the statistically expected results. In particular, if there's only one atom, the amount remaining after one half-life period will be either 0% or 100% (50/50 chance of each).
Radioactivity refers to the particles which are emitted from nuclei as a result of nuclear instability. Because the nucleus experiences the intense conflict between the two strongest forces in nature, it should not be surprising that there are many nuclear isotopes which are unstable and emit some kind of radiation. The most common types of radiation are called alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, but there are several other varieties of radioactive decay. Radioactive decay rates are normally stated in terms of their half-lives, and the half-life of a given nuclear species is related to its radiation risk. The different types of radioactivity lead to different decay paths which transmute the nuclei into other chemical elements. Examining the amounts of the decay products makes possible radioactive dating. Radiation from nuclear sources is distributed equally in all directions, obeying the inverse square law.
The drifting apart within a species resulting in more species over time.
The simplest method would be geographic separation of the species, allopactric speciation. The local population of this species is split asunder by some geographic barrier; perhaps a large number of the species, about half, cross a river and take up new territory there. Then the similar population gene pools start to draw apart as different mutations to the DNA and different selection pressures in the new environment shape the across the river species into a new species over time. Long enough and the two split species can not longer, or do not want to, interbreed. This is how bonobos became a new species from common chimpanzees.
Building of dams to harness water energy destroys habitat for many species, including endangered species.
Usually, 50%. That's what half-life means: the time required for 50% of the original radioisotope to undergo radioactive decay (or, alternatively, the time required for there to be a 50% chance that any given atom will have decayed). To be more specific: half of the original radioactive substance will have transformed into something else (it may still BE there, so in some sense it's "remaining", but it will be a different element or isotope). The reason for the "usually" is that it's a random process and for small numbers of atoms, the actual results may vary quite a bit from the statistically expected results. In particular, if there's only one atom, the amount remaining after one half-life period will be either 0% or 100% (50/50 chance of each).
85 percent of wolf species are extinct.
Approximately 40-50% of species are considered carnivores, meaning they primarily eat meat. This includes a wide range of animals from insects to mammals.
approx 50,000 species of ectotherms compared to only 16,000 species of endotherms
Cork is a natural material obtained from a particular species of tree.
in india there are 12 endangered species. and 10% in percentage...
1456%
30%
25 %
group of species
Yes. Any element which is radioactive may bond together with other molecules and atoms, just as much as any other non-radioactive element. However, radioactive elements would have a slightly greater pull towards their bonded species if their nucleus has more neutrons than what is normal for non-radioactive elements.
The genome.