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Right before it hits the ground and right after it bounces back up.

Potential energy is "stored energy;" the the energy of a body or a system with respect to the position of the body or the arrangement of the particles of the system. If an object is moving very fact, it has kinetic energy, but if an object is in a position where it has the potential to move fast but isn't moving or moving very slowly, the object has a lot of potential energy. A bouncy ball has a parabolic pattern (Like an upside-down U) of movement as it bounces. At the top of the parabola- when the bouncy ball is highest in the air- it has the highest potential energy because it is not moving for that instant, but has the capacity to do so. as it moves downwards, it loses potential energy and gains kinetic energy. By the time it is about to hit the ground, it has the greatest kinetic energy because it gains momentum, and the least potential energy. As the ball bounces back up, it loses momentum, so it is losing kinetic energy and gaining potential energy. A bouncy ball has the least potential energy right before it hits the ground and right after it begins bouncing back up.

There is also an exchange of kinetic and potential energy as the ball hits the ground. Elastic energy is the potential mechanical energy stored in the configuration of a material or physical system as work is performed to distort its volume or shape. So, the kinetic gravitational energy (because gravity is doing the work) changes to elastic potential energy (it is not moving in any way for an instant, but has the potential to move in the sense of being squished down), and as the energy is being used to distort the shape of the ball, elastic kinetic energy. As the ball has been distorted to its maximum extent, it has more potential energy, which is transferred to kinetic as the ball first changes back to its original shape, elastic kinetic energy, and then bounces back up, when it begins to lose its kinetic energy again.

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