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E(gas) > E(liquid) > E(solid)

That is, the solid has lowest energy, and has has highest energy.

Because you have to put energy into the material to melt and then boil it.

In more detail...

First the material is solid, in a nice stable low energy state. By heating the material you are transferring energy into the material. When you have put enough energy in you disrupt the van der waals forces and the material melts. Now you have a liquid which must be a higher energy because you put energy into it to melt it.

Similarly, to boil the liquid you must add sufficient energy so the molecules can completely overcome the van der Waals forces to enter the gas phase.

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11y ago

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