The lens of the camera is responsible for focusing incoming light rays onto the camera sensor. The lens can be adjusted to control the focus and sharpness of the image being captured.
The lens of the eye is similar to emulsion because it helps focus light onto the retina, much like how emulsion focuses light onto the film or digital sensor in a camera. Both the lens and emulsion play important roles in capturing and processing visual information.
The mirror or a light source reflects the light onto the specimen placed on the stage of a microscope. The objective lens then focuses this light on the specimen, allowing for magnification and visualization.
The pinhole camera works based on the principles of light traveling in straight lines. As light passes through the small opening, it creates an inverted image because the upper part of the object is directed downward and vice versa. This inversion occurs due to the way light rays converge and intersect at the pinhole.
The middle ear, consisting of the three tiny bones called the ossicles (malleus, incus, stapes), amplifies vibrations from incoming sound waves before transmitting them to the inner ear.
Each point of the object illuminates the whole lens evenly, or vice verse: each point of the lens receives light from the whole object. Through refraction, each point of the lens then redirects the incoming beams to form the image. If part of the lens is obscured, the image becomes darker but is still evenly lit and "complete". As the lens is obscured, the focal depth changes. In a camera lens there is an aperture that obscures the outer parts of the lens to adjust focal depth and light throughput. At the highest "f-numbers" where the opening is the smallest, only ~1% of the lens is used while 99% is obscured. If the obscuration is not circular, the shape of out-of-focus blur will change. For instance, if the aperture is in the shape of a heart, distant light sources will form hearts in the image when the lens is focused much closer!
The sensor or film inside the camera is sensitive to light. It captures the incoming light to create an image.
The list of choices you included with your question doesn't include any part of atelescope that can do that. I would have picked the objective, whether a lens ora mirror.
This part is called a Lens, on the camera and the glasses the are made of either optical glass or optical plastic, in the eye the lens in an organic material. Lens allow light to enter the camera, eye or glasses, and focuses that light on a surface such as the camera's film, the eye's retina, and the glasses wearer's eyes.
A parabolic mirror best focuses light onto a spot. Or a convex lens will do similar. In the eye, the lens towards the front of the eye focuses light onto the retina, where the light sensitive cells lie.
The part of the eye responsible for fine-tuning the refraction of incoming light is the lens. The lens focuses light onto the retina at the back of the eye, helping to create a clear image. The lens changes shape to adjust the focus for near or far objects, a process known as accommodation.
The lens.
The shutter.
The Shutter.
The condenser is the part of a light microscope that focuses light onto the specimen through the lens. It helps to control the illumination and optimize the resolution of the image.
The camera sensor is the part that acts as a retina in a camera. It is responsible for capturing light and converting it into a digital image, similar to how the retina in our eyes captures light and sends signals to our brain for processing.
Televison Camera
As in a camera, this part is usually called an iris diaphragm. It can make the aperture bigger to let in more light, or smaller to make the image sharper. The shutter in a camera is not the same thing.