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That depends. For example, if the circuit is consisted of two resistors, 2 ohms each, the equivalent resistance (Req) of these two resistors in series is 4 ohms, and the Req of these two resistors in parallel is 1 ohm. If the same voltage is applied, say 4 V.

power consumed in a resistance = V2/R.

The parallel circuit: Power = 4 * 4 / 1 = 16 [W].

The series circuit: Power = 4 * 4 / 4 = 4 [W].

With everything else the same, a parallel circuit consumes more energy than a series circuit.

Note that circuits of only simple resistors are discussed. You need to consider each circuit on its merit.

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Answer

It depends. In both cases, the total energy expended will be the sum of the energies expended by each individual load.

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