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The energy in light raises some of the electrons in chlorophyll to higher energy levels. These high-energy electrons are used in photosynthesis. Electron carriers are used to transport the electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules during photosynthesis.

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Carrier molecules in the plasma membrane are only required for active transport?

Carrier molecules in the plasma membrane are actually used for both active and passive transport of molecules. In active transport, carrier proteins use energy to move molecules against their concentration gradient, while in passive transport, carrier proteins facilitate the movement of molecules down their concentration gradient without the need for energy input.


Why do passenger molecules need to be helped by the carrier protein?

Some molecules can't go through the cell membrane.


Why do the passenger molecules need to be helped by the carrier molecules?

Carrier proteins aid in facilitated diffusion by binding a particular substance, then altering their shape to bring that substance into or out of the cell. Those molecules can not go through the lipid layer on their own as they can not dissolve in lipids. (This is sometimes called lipophobia). This relationship is somewhat like an enzyme and substrate combination.


Why are the noble gases not likely to form compounds?

The noble gases already have their full set of valence electrons. They don't need to share or transfer any of their electrons with other molecules.


What substances are too large for carrier proteins?

Large molecules such as proteins and polysaccharides are usually too large to be transported by carrier proteins. These molecules are often transported through other mechanisms like endocytosis or exocytosis.


Why Need for carrier frequency stability?

Explain the need for carrier frequency stability in radio transmitters?


What kind of molecules are moved in active transport?

Active transport requires energy, unlike passive transport. The carrier proteins in active transport act as a "pump" ( fueled by ATP) to carry/attach themselfves to useful proteins for the cell.


Is a carrier protein an active transport or a passive transport?

They are used in both, in passive the molecules move in , then change the shape then leave and the entering and leaving are both by diffusion. in active transport molecules move in by diffusion, change the shape of the carrier protein, then because theyre moving into the cell where the molecule is in higher concentration energy is required to push the molecules out of the carrier proteins, this energy comes from ATP which is supplied to the carrier proteins.


Molecules of three or more elements may be nonpolar if the geometric shape is?

Symmetrical. The bonds will need to be nonpolar for this to work since the electrons will need to be shared equally between the two atoms.


What air do you breathe to keep electrons moving along from the first to the last chemical carrier?

The air that one breathes to keep electrons moving along from the first to the last chemical carrier is oxygen. Oxygen is necessary for all life forms to exist and enable existence. For instance, humans need the trees and plant life because they take in or breathe the carbon dioxide that humans expel, and then expel the oxygen that humans need to breathe in order to maintain life.


Why do we need electrons and protons?

Electrons and protons are fundamental components of atoms, which are the building blocks of matter. Electrons, with their negative charge, play a crucial role in chemical bonding and reactions, influencing how atoms interact and form molecules. Protons, positively charged, determine the identity of an element and contribute to the atom's mass. Together, they are essential for the structure of matter, the formation of molecules, and the functioning of biological systems.


How facilitated diffusion is achiveved for small polar molecules and ions?

Facilitated diffusion for small polar molecules and ions is achieved through specific transmembrane proteins, such as channel proteins and carrier proteins. Channel proteins create hydrophilic pathways that allow ions and small polar molecules to passively flow across the membrane down their concentration gradient. Carrier proteins bind to the molecules, undergo conformational changes, and transport them across the membrane without the need for energy. This process allows cells to regulate the entry and exit of essential substances efficiently.

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