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The thickness of the glass causes the white lights' components to bend and spread out its colors. The thicker the glass the more it bends. The red would be at the thickest and blue at the thinner part. Light actually slows down.

When light passes from one medium to another it is refracted, that is bent, the amount of bending depends on the wavelength. Different colours have different wavelengths and as white light is made up of all colours each is bent by a different amount, so the light is split

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